Western Experience,9780072883695

Western Experience

by ; ; ; ;
Edition: 9th
ISBN13: 9780072883695
ISBN10: 0072883693
Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 2004-07-01
Publisher(s): McGraw-Hill College
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Table of Contents

List of Maps
xix
List of Boxes
xxi
Preface xxiii
The First Civilizations
3(30)
The Earliest Humans
4(2)
Human Beings as Food Gatherers
4(1)
Human Beings as Food Producers
5(1)
Early Near Eastern Villages
5(1)
The First Civilizations in Mesopotamia
6(7)
The Emergence of Civilization
7(1)
Sumer
8(2)
The Babylonian Kingdom
10(3)
Mesopotamian Culture
13(1)
Egypt
13(7)
The Old and Middle Kingdoms
13(4)
The New Kingdom
17(2)
A View of Egyptian Society
19(1)
Palestine
20(5)
Canaanites and Phoenicians
20(1)
Hebrew Society and the Bible
21(4)
The Jewish Legacy
25(1)
The Near Eastern States
25(8)
The Assyrian State
25(1)
The Neo-Babylonian Kingdom and the Medes
26(1)
The Persian Empire
27(6)
The Forming of Greek Civilization
33(32)
Crete and Early Greece (Ca. 3000-1100 B.C.)
34(6)
Cretan Civilization
34(3)
Crete and the Greeks
37(1)
Mycenaean Civilization (Ca. 1600-1100 B.C.)
38(2)
The Greek Renaissance (Ca. 800-600 B.C.)
40(7)
Greek Religion
41(2)
Public Games
43(1)
Colonization (Ca. 750-Ca. 550 B.C.)
44(1)
The Alphabet
44(1)
Archaic Literature
45(2)
The Polis
47(8)
Organization and Government
47(2)
The Economy of the Poleis (Ca. 700-400 B.C.)
49(1)
Sparta and Athens (Ca. 700-500 B.C.)
50(5)
The Challenge of Persia
55(2)
The Invasion under Darius and Marathon (490 B.C.)
55(2)
The Second Persian War (480-479 B.C.)
57(1)
The Wars of the Fifth Century (479-404 B.C.)
57(8)
The Athenian Empire
57(1)
The Age of Pericles
58(1)
The Peloponnesian War (431-404 B.C.)
59(6)
Classical and Hellenistic Greece
65(26)
Classical Greek Culture (Ca. 500-323 B.C.)
66(10)
Greek Philosophy
66(5)
Greek Tragedy
71(2)
Greek Comedy: Aristophanes
73(1)
Historical Writing
73(1)
The Family in Classical Greece
74(2)
The Rise of Macedonia
76(5)
The Decline of the Independent Poleis
77(1)
Philip II of Macedonia
77(1)
Alexander the Great
78(3)
The Hellenistic Age (323-30 B.C.)
81(10)
The Dissolution of Alexander's Empire
81(1)
Economic Life
82(2)
Literature, Art, and Science
84(1)
Philosophy and Religion
85(6)
The Roman Republic
91(28)
The Unification of Italy (To 264 B.C.)
92(8)
The Geography of Italy
92(1)
Early Rome
92(1)
The Early Roman Republic
93(1)
The Struggle of the Orders (494-287 B.C.)
94(3)
Roman Society in the Republic
97(2)
Early Roman Literature
99(1)
Early Expansion of Rome
100(1)
The Age of Mediterranean Conquest (264-133 B.C.)
100(4)
The Punic Wars
101(1)
Expansion in the Eastern Mediterranean
102(1)
The Nature of Roman Expansion
103(1)
The Roman Revolution (133-27 B.C.)
104(9)
Social Change and the Gracchi
104(2)
The Years of the Warlords
106(2)
The First Triumvirate
108(2)
The Supremacy of Julius Caesar
110(3)
The End of the Roman Republic
113(1)
The Second Triumvirate
113(1)
Octavian Triumphant
113(1)
The Founding of the Roman Empire
114(5)
Augustus and the Principate
114(1)
Augustus, the First Roman Emperor
115(4)
The Empire and Christianity
119(38)
The Empire at Its Height
120(13)
The Successors of Augustus
120(1)
The Five Good Emperors
121(3)
Roman Imperial Civilization
124(9)
The Period of Crisis (192-284)
133(1)
The Crisis of Leadership
133(1)
Weaknesses in Roman Slavery
133(1)
The Plight of the Poor
134(1)
The Late Roman Empire
134(5)
Restoration under Diocletian
134(1)
Constantine and the Bureaucracy
135(1)
The Decline of the Western Empire
135(4)
Christianity and Its Early Rivals
139(18)
The Mystery Religions
140(1)
The Jews in the Roman Empire
140(3)
Origins of Christianity
143(4)
Battles within Christianity
147(2)
The Fathers of the Church
149(8)
The Making of Western Europe
157(24)
The New Community of Peoples
158(6)
The Great Migrations
158(4)
Germanic Society
162(1)
Germans and Romans
163(1)
The New Political Structures
164(6)
The Early Byzantine Empire
164(1)
Justinian the Great (R. 527-565) of Byzantium
165(3)
The Frankish Kingdom
168(1)
Kingship in Italy and Spain
169(1)
Anglo-Saxon England
169(1)
The New Economy, 500-900
170(2)
Agricultural Innovations
170(1)
Trade and Manufacture
171(1)
The Expansion of the Church
172(9)
Origins of the Papacy
172(2)
Monasticism
174(1)
Missionaries and Popular Religion
175(2)
The Church and Classical Learning
177(4)
The Empires of the Early Middle Ages (800-1000): Creation and Erosion
181(34)
Islam
182(9)
The Arabs
182(1)
Muhammad
182(1)
The Religion of Islam
183(1)
Expansion of Islam
184(3)
Islamic Economy and Society
187(1)
Arabic Contributions to Global Culture
187(2)
Decline of Medieval Islamic Civilization
189(2)
The Byzantine Empire (610-1071)
191(5)
Strains on the Empire
191(1)
Byzantine Government
192(1)
The Eastern Church and the Western Church
193(1)
Byzantine Economy and Society
193(2)
Byzantine Culture
195(1)
Decline of the Byzantine Empire
195(1)
The Carolingian, or Frankish, Empire
196(9)
Charlemagne
196(1)
Carolingian Government
197(2)
The Carolingian Renaissance
199(4)
Carolingian Society and Culture
203(1)
Decline of the Carolingian Empire
204(1)
The Vikings, Kiev, and England
205(10)
The Vikings
205(2)
The Kievan Rus Principality
207(3)
Anglo-Saxon England
210(5)
Restoration of an Ordered Society
215(34)
Economic and Social Changes
216(13)
Feudalism
216(3)
Life of the Nobility
219(3)
Manorialism
222(2)
Peasant Life
224(1)
Expansion of Europe
225(1)
Commercial Expansion
226(1)
Rebirth of Urban Life
227(2)
Governments of Europe 1000-1150
229(6)
Norman England
229(2)
Capetian France
231(1)
The German Empire
232(3)
The Reform of the Western Church
235(3)
The Church in Crisis
235(1)
Monastic Reform
235(1)
Papal Reform
236(1)
Investiture Controversy
236(1)
Consolidation of Papal Reform
237(1)
The Crusades
238(11)
Origins
238(1)
The Motives of the Crusaders
239(1)
The First Crusade
239(1)
The Kingdom of Jerusalem
240(1)
The Later Crusades
241(2)
Results of the Crusades
243(6)
The Flowering of Medieval Civilization
249(30)
Cultural Developments
250(13)
The Rise of Universities
250(2)
Scholasticism
252(3)
Spiritual Approaches to Knowledge
255(1)
Romanesque Architecture
256(3)
The Gothic Style
259(3)
Court Culture
262(1)
The States of Europe
263(9)
England
263(5)
France
268(1)
The Iberian Kingdoms
269(1)
Germany: The Holy Roman Empire
270(2)
The Church
272(7)
The Growth of Heresy
272(1)
The Suppression of Heresy
273(1)
The Friars
274(1)
Papal Government
275(4)
The Urban Economy and the Consolidation of States
279(26)
Cities, Trade, and Commerce
280(7)
Urban Government
280(2)
The Organization of Crafts and Trades
282(1)
Commercial Institutions
283(3)
Urban Life
286(1)
Monarchies and the Development of Representative Institutions
287(4)
England and the Development of Parliament
287(3)
France and the Consolidation of Rule
290(1)
The Holy Roman Empire and the Fragmentation of Rule
291(1)
Government in the East
291(4)
The Byzantine Empire
292(1)
The Mongols
292(1)
Muscovite Russia
293(2)
The Papacy and the Church
295(4)
The Papacy
295(1)
Lay Religious Observance
296(3)
Learning and Literature
299(6)
Philosophy
299(1)
Dante
299(6)
Breakdown and Renewal in an Age of Plague
305(32)
Population Catastrophes
306(2)
Demographic Decline
306(1)
Plague
307(1)
Economic Depression and Recovery
308(9)
Agricultural Specialization
309(1)
Protectionism
310(1)
Technological Advances
311(2)
The Standard of Living
313(4)
Popular Unrest
317(2)
Rural Revolts
318(1)
Urban Revolts
318(1)
The Seeds of Discontent
318(1)
Challenges to the Governments of Europe
319(10)
Roots of Political Unrest
320(1)
England, France, and the Hundred Years' War
320(1)
The Tides of Battle
321(3)
The Effects of the Hundred Years' War
324(2)
The States of Italy
326(3)
The Fall of Byzantium and the Ottoman Empire
329(8)
The Fall of Constantinople
329(2)
The Ottoman Empire
331(6)
Tradition and Change in European Culture, 1300-1500
337(28)
The New Learning
338(5)
The Founding of Humanism
338(2)
Humanism in the Fifteenth Century
340(1)
The Florentine Neoplatonists
341(2)
The Heritage of the New Learning
343(1)
Art and Artists in the Italian Renaissance
343(8)
Three Friends
343(2)
The High Renaissance
345(2)
Status and Perception
347(4)
The Culture of the North
351(4)
Chivalry and Decay
352(2)
Literature, Art, and Music
354(1)
Scholastic Philosophy and Religious Thought
355(2)
The ``Modern Way''
355(1)
Social and Scientific Thought
356(1)
The State of Christendom
357(8)
The Revival of the Papacy
359(1)
Styles of Piety
359(2)
Movements of Doctrinal Reform
361(4)
Reformations in Religion
365(30)
Piety and Dissent
366(8)
Doctrine and Reform
366(2)
Causes of Discontent
368(1)
Popular Religion
369(2)
Piety and Protest in Literature and Art
371(1)
Christian Humanism
372(2)
The Lutheran Reformation
374(7)
The Conditions for Change
374(1)
Martin Luther
374(1)
The Break with Rome
375(2)
Lutheran Doctrine and Practice
377(1)
The Spread of Lutheranism
378(1)
Lutheranism Established
379(2)
The Spread of Protestantism
381(5)
Zwingli and the Radicals
381(1)
Persecution of the Radicals
381(1)
John Calvin
382(1)
Calvinism
383(1)
The Anglican Church
384(2)
The Catholic Revival
386(9)
Strengths and Weaknesses
386(1)
The Council of Trent
387(1)
The Aftermath of Trent
388(1)
Ignatius Loyola
389(1)
The Jesuits
390(2)
Religion and Politics
392(3)
Economic Expansion and a New Politics
395(34)
Expansion at Home
396(5)
Population Increase
396(1)
Economic Growth
396(2)
Social Change
398(3)
Expansion Overseas
401(6)
The Portuguese
402(1)
The Spaniards
403(2)
The First Colonial Empires
405(2)
The Centralization of Political Power
407(11)
Tudor England
407(3)
Valois France
410(2)
United Spain
412(3)
Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
415(3)
The Splintered States
418(6)
The New Statecraft
424(5)
New International Relations
424(1)
Machiavelli
425(4)
War and Crisis
429(30)
Rivalry and War in the Age of Philip II
430(7)
Philip II of Spain
430(1)
Elizabeth I of England
430(1)
The Dutch Revolt
431(4)
Civil War in France
435(2)
From Unbounded War to International Crisis
437(5)
The Thirty Years' War
437(3)
The Peace of Westphalia
440(2)
The Military Revolution
442(2)
Weapons and Tactics
442(1)
The Organization and Support of Armies
443(1)
The Life of the Soldier
443(1)
Revolution in England
444(5)
Pressures for Change
444(1)
Parliament and the Law
445(1)
Rising Antagonisms
446(1)
Civil War
446(1)
England under Cromwell
447(2)
Revolts in France and Spain
449(4)
The France of Henry IV
449(1)
Louis XIII
450(1)
Political and Social Crisis
451(1)
Sources of Discontent in Spain
451(2)
Revolt and Secession
453(1)
Political Change in an Age of Crisis
453(6)
The United Provinces
454(1)
Sweden
455(1)
Eastern Europe and the Crisis
456(3)
Culture and Society in the Age of the Scientific Revolution
459(32)
Scientific Advance from Copernicus to Newton
460(6)
Origins of the Scientific Revolution
460(2)
The Breakthroughs
462(1)
Kepler and Galileo Address the Uncertainties
463(2)
The Climax of the Scientific Revolution: Isaac Newton
465(1)
The Effects of the Discoveries
466(5)
A New Epistemology
466(1)
The Wider Influence of Scientific Thought
466(1)
Bacon and Descartes
467(1)
Pascal's Protest Against the New Science
468(1)
Science Institutionalized
468(3)
The Arts and Literature
471(9)
Unsettling Art
471(1)
Unsettling Writers
471(1)
The Return of Assurance in the Arts
472(5)
Stability and Restraint in the Arts
477(3)
Social Patterns and Popular Culture
480(11)
Population Trends
480(1)
Social Status
481(1)
Mobility and Crime
481(1)
Change in the Villages and Cities
482(3)
Belief in Magic and Rituals
485(1)
Forces of Restraint
486(5)
The Emergence of the European State System
491(36)
Absolutism in France
492(9)
The Rule of Louis XIV
492(2)
Government
494(1)
Foreign Policy
494(4)
Domestic Policy
498(1)
The End of an Era
499(1)
France after Louis XIV
499(2)
Other Patterns of Absolutism
501(10)
The Habsburgs at Vienna
501(1)
The Hohenzollerns at Berlin
502(2)
Rivalry and State Building
504(1)
The Prussia of Frederick William I
504(1)
Frederick the Great
505(1)
The Habsburg Empire
506(3)
Habsburgs and Bourbons at Madrid
509(1)
Peter the Great at St. Petersburg
509(2)
Alternatives to Absolutism
511(9)
Aristocracy in the United Provinces, Sweden, and Poland
511(2)
The Triumph of the Gentry in England
513(2)
Politics and Prosperity
515(1)
The Growth of Stability
516(2)
Contrasts in Political Thought
518(2)
The International System
520(7)
Diplomacy and Warfare
520(1)
Armies and Navies
521(2)
The Seven Years' War
523(4)
The Wealth of Nations
527(28)
Demographic and Economic Growth
528(3)
A New Demographic Era
528(2)
Profit Inflation: The Movement of Prices
530(1)
Protoindustrialization
530(1)
The New Shape of Industry
531(5)
Toward a New Economic Order
532(1)
The Roots of Economic Transformation in England
533(1)
Cotton: The Beginning of Industrialization
534(2)
Innovation and Tradition in Agriculture
536(6)
Convertible Husbandry
536(1)
The Enclosure Movement in Britain
537(1)
Serfs and Peasants on the Continent
538(4)
Eighteenth-Century Empires
542(13)
Mercantile and Naval Competition
542(1)
The Profits of Global Commerce
543(1)
Slavery, the Foundation of Empire
544(2)
Mounting Colonial Conflicts
546(1)
The Great War for Empire
546(3)
The British Foothold in India
549(6)
The Age of Enlightenment
555(26)
The Enlightenment
556(10)
The Broadening Reverberations of Science
556(2)
Beyond Christianity
558(1)
The Philosophes
559(3)
Diderot and the Encyclopedia
562(1)
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
563(3)
Eighteenth-Century Elite Culture
566(7)
Cosmopolitan High Culture
566(2)
Publishing and Reading
568(2)
Literature, Music, and Art
570(3)
Popular Culture
573(8)
Popular Literature
574(1)
Literacy and Primary Schooling
575(1)
Sociability and Recreation
576(5)
The French Revolution
581(34)
Reform and Political Crisis
582(4)
Enlightened Absolutism in Central and Eastern Europe
582(1)
Joseph II and the Limits of Absolutism
583(1)
Upheavals in the British Empire
584(2)
1789: The French Revolution
586(7)
Origins of the Revolution
586(1)
Fiscal Crisis and Political Deadlock
587(2)
From the Estates General to the National Assembly
589(2)
The Convergence of Revolutions
591(2)
The Reconstruction of France
593(8)
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
593(1)
The New Constitution
593(4)
The Revolution and the Church
597(3)
Counterrevolution, Radicalism, and War
600(1)
The Second Revolution
601(14)
The National Convention
601(2)
The Revolutionary Crisis
603(1)
The Jacobin Dictatorship
604(3)
The Sans-Culottes: Revolution from Below
607(2)
The Revolutionary Wars
609(6)
The Age of Napoleon
615
From Robespierre to Bonaparte
616(6)
The Thermidorian Reaction (1794-1795)
616(1)
The Directory (1795-1799)
617(2)
The Rise of Bonaparte
619(2)
The Brumaire Coup
621(1)
The Napoleonic Settlement in France
622(3)
The Napoleonic Style
622(1)
Political and Religious Settlements
622(1)
The Era of the Notables
623(2)
Napoleonic Hegemony in Europe
625(6)
Military Supremacy and the Reorganization of Europe
625(2)
Naval War with Britain
627(2)
The Napoleonic Conscription Machine
629(2)
Resistance to Napoleon
631
The ``Spanish Ulcer''
631(4)
The Russian Debacle
635(1)
German Resistance and the Last Coalition
636(1)
The Napoleonic Legend
637
Glossary 1(1)
Text Credits 1(1)
Index 1

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