Preface |
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xiii | |
Acknowledgments |
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xvii | |
PART ONE Foundations |
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1 | (52) |
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Foundations of Language and Literacy |
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1 | (20) |
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Before Reading This Chapter, Think about . . . |
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2 | (1) |
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2 | (1) |
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Language and Literacy: Definitions and Interrelationships |
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3 | (1) |
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4 | (3) |
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7 | (2) |
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Assessing Children's Literacy Learning |
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9 | (1) |
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Teaching Language and Literacy to Children |
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10 | (9) |
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19 | (1) |
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Linking Knowledge to Practice |
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20 | (1) |
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Oral Language Development |
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21 | (32) |
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Before Reading This Chapter, Think about . . . |
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21 | (1) |
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22 | (1) |
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Language Acquisition Theories |
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23 | (5) |
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23 | (1) |
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24 | (1) |
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Social-Interactionist Perspective |
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24 | (2) |
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26 | (2) |
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Linguistic Vocabulary Lesson |
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28 | (4) |
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28 | (1) |
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29 | (1) |
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29 | (1) |
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30 | (1) |
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30 | (2) |
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Observing the Development of Children's Language |
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32 | (8) |
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What Is Normal Language Development? |
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40 | (1) |
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Factors Contributing to Variation in Rate of Language Acquisition |
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40 | (5) |
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41 | (1) |
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42 | (1) |
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42 | (1) |
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43 | (1) |
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Congenital Language Disorders |
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43 | (2) |
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45 | (7) |
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Linking Knowledge to Practice |
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52 | (1) |
PART TWO Early Language and Literacy Learning |
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53 | (138) |
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Facilitating Early Language Learning |
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53 | (39) |
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Before Reading This Chapter, Think about . . . |
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53 | (1) |
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54 | (1) |
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Home Talk: A Natural Context for Learning and Using Language |
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55 | (6) |
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Encouraging Personal Narratives |
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55 | (2) |
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57 | (1) |
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Television as a Language Tool |
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58 | (1) |
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58 | (1) |
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Choosing Programming for Children |
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58 | (2) |
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60 | (1) |
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School Talk: A Structured Context for Learning and Using Language |
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61 | (17) |
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61 | (1) |
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Reciprocal Discussions and Conversations |
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62 | (3) |
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Contexts for Encouraging Language for Children |
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65 | (1) |
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65 | (2) |
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67 | (2) |
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69 | (2) |
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71 | (1) |
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72 | (1) |
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72 | (1) |
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Language-Centered Activities for Children |
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73 | (1) |
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73 | (1) |
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74 | (1) |
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75 | (1) |
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76 | (2) |
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Contexts for Encouraging Language for Older Children |
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78 | (8) |
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Cooperative Learning Groups |
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78 | (5) |
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83 | (1) |
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Movies, Videos, Books, and Music Reviews |
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83 | (3) |
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Assessment: Finding Out What Children Know and Can Do |
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86 | (3) |
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89 | (2) |
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Linking Knowledge to Practice |
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91 | (1) |
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The Beginnings of Reading and Writing |
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92 | (33) |
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Before Reading This Chapter, Think about . . . |
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93 | (1) |
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93 | (1) |
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Traditional Views of Literacy Development |
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94 | (1) |
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Current Perspectives on Early Literacy |
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95 | (12) |
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97 | (1) |
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97 | (1) |
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Purpose and Functions of Print |
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98 | (1) |
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98 | (2) |
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100 | (1) |
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Letter-Sound Relationships (Phonics) |
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101 | (1) |
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101 | (1) |
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Early Forms of Reading and Writing |
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101 | (1) |
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102 | (3) |
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105 | (2) |
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Home Literacy Experiences |
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107 | (5) |
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Access to Print and Books |
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108 | (1) |
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Adult Demonstrations of Literacy Behavior |
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108 | (1) |
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108 | (1) |
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Home Literacy Experiences of Non-Mainstream Children |
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109 | (1) |
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Independent Engagements with Literacy |
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110 | (1) |
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111 | (1) |
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112 | (6) |
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112 | (6) |
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118 | (1) |
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118 | (6) |
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Linking Knowledge to Practice |
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124 | (1) |
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Building a Foundation for Literacy Learning |
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125 | (35) |
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Before Reading This Chapter, Think about . . . |
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126 | (1) |
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126 | (1) |
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Functional Literacy Activities |
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127 | (6) |
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Bringing Environmental Print into the Classroom |
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127 | (2) |
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Functional Print Connected with Classroom Activities |
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129 | (1) |
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129 | (1) |
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129 | (1) |
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130 | (1) |
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131 | (1) |
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131 | (1) |
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132 | (1) |
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Sign-In and Sign-Up Lists |
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132 | (1) |
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133 | (1) |
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Sharing Literature with Children |
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133 | (11) |
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Selecting Good Books for Children |
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134 | (1) |
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Classroom Library Centers |
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135 | (1) |
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135 | (1) |
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136 | (1) |
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Effective Story-Reading Techniques |
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137 | (1) |
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Adult Behaviors while Reading |
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137 | (1) |
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Child Behaviors during Reading |
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138 | (1) |
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Cultural Variations in Story Reading |
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139 | (1) |
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140 | (3) |
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143 | (1) |
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Linking Literacy and Play |
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144 | (8) |
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Literacy-Enriched play centers |
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145 | (1) |
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145 | (3) |
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Teacher Involvement in Play |
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148 | (2) |
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150 | (2) |
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Language Experience Approach/Shared Writing |
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152 | (5) |
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Group Experience or Shared Writing Stories |
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153 | (2) |
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Individual Language Experience Stories |
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155 | (1) |
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156 | (1) |
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157 | (1) |
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Linking Knowledge to Practice |
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158 | (2) |
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Teaching Early Reading and Writing |
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160 | (31) |
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Before Reading This Chapter, Think about . . . |
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161 | (1) |
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161 | (1) |
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161 | (10) |
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The Context for Writing: The Writing Center |
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162 | (1) |
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Gather the Needed Materials |
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162 | (1) |
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163 | (1) |
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Computers and Word Processing |
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163 | (1) |
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164 | (1) |
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165 | (1) |
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166 | (1) |
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166 | (1) |
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Journals and Interactive Forms of Writing |
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167 | (1) |
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167 | (1) |
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168 | (1) |
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169 | (1) |
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Publishing Children's Writing |
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169 | (1) |
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170 | (1) |
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171 | (12) |
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Phonological and Phonemic Awareness |
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171 | (3) |
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174 | (3) |
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177 | (1) |
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177 | (1) |
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178 | (3) |
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181 | (2) |
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Assessment: Discovering What Children Know and Can Do |
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183 | (5) |
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188 | (1) |
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Linking Knowledge to Practice |
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189 | (2) |
PART THREE Language and Literacy Learning in the Elementary Grades |
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191 | (149) |
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The Reading Workshop: A Balanced Approach to Reading Instruction |
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191 | (31) |
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Before Reading This Chapter, Think about . . . |
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192 | (1) |
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193 | (1) |
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Theories of the Reading Process |
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193 | (2) |
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Research Synthesis: Guide to Effective Practice |
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195 | (3) |
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National Reading Panel Report |
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198 | (1) |
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Best Practice in Reading Instruction |
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198 | (19) |
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217 | (3) |
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220 | (1) |
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Linking Knowledge to Practice |
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221 | (1) |
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Embedded within Reading Workshop: Teaching Meaning and Skills |
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222 | (43) |
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Before Reading This Chapter, Think about . . . |
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223 | (1) |
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224 | (1) |
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Lessons from an Experienced First-Grade Teacher |
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224 | (18) |
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The Children Arrive (until 8:35 A.M.) |
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225 | (1) |
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Connecting Home and School (8:35-8:45) |
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225 | (1) |
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Class Calendar and Daily Schedule of Events (8:45-9:00) |
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226 | (1) |
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Daily Read-Aloud Experiences (9:00-9:20) |
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226 | (2) |
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Drop Everything and Read (9:20-9:50) |
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228 | (2) |
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Special Classes (10:00-10:30) |
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230 | (3) |
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Literature Studies (10:30-11:00) |
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233 | (5) |
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Modeled Writing---Daily News (11:00-11:45) |
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238 | (4) |
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Lessons from an Experienced Fourth-Grade Teacher |
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242 | (9) |
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242 | (1) |
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242 | (1) |
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243 | (1) |
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Teacher-Directed Activities |
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244 | (1) |
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244 | (1) |
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244 | (1) |
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245 | (1) |
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Literature Response Journal |
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246 | (1) |
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Teaching Students How to Conduct Literature Discussion Groups |
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247 | (4) |
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Assessing Student Progress |
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251 | (1) |
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251 | (11) |
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Tiffany's Development in Literature-Based Classrooms First-Sixth Grades |
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251 | (5) |
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Special Feature: Alicia's Biliteracy Development in First and Second Grade |
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256 | (6) |
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262 | (1) |
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Linking Knowledge to Practice |
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263 | (2) |
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Teaching Writing the Workshop Way |
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265 | (42) |
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Before Reading This Chapter, Think about . . . |
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266 | (1) |
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266 | (1) |
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The Essentials of Writing Workshop |
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267 | (5) |
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Find Time for the Children to Write |
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267 | (1) |
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Arrange the Classroom Environment for Talk |
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268 | (1) |
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Gather the Needed Materials |
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268 | (4) |
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Teachers Who Teach Writing |
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272 | (1) |
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The Components of the Writing Workshop |
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272 | (21) |
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276 | (1) |
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277 | (1) |
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Craft or Qualities of Good Writing |
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278 | (4) |
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282 | (1) |
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Mechanical Skills Lessons |
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283 | (1) |
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Status-of-the-Class Report |
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283 | (2) |
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285 | (1) |
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Teacher--Student Conferences |
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285 | (5) |
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290 | (1) |
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291 | (2) |
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Assessment: Discovering What Students Know and Can Do |
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293 | (11) |
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293 | (7) |
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300 | (4) |
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304 | (1) |
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Linking Knowledge to Practice |
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305 | (2) |
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Embedded within Writing Workshop: Teaching Skills and Meeting Special Needs |
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307 | (33) |
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Before Reading This Chapter, Think about . . . |
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308 | (1) |
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308 | (1) |
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The Mechanical Skills of Writing |
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309 | (17) |
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309 | (1) |
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How Children Learn to Spell |
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310 | (3) |
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Helping Children Become Better Spellers |
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313 | (2) |
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315 | (2) |
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317 | (4) |
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Capitalization and Punctuation |
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321 | (1) |
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322 | (1) |
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Manuscript or Cursive Style? |
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322 | (1) |
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Vertical or Slanted Form? |
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322 | (2) |
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Teaching Children How to Form Letters |
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324 | (1) |
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325 | (1) |
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326 | (12) |
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Bilingual Second-Language Learners |
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327 | (1) |
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Children with Special Needs |
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327 | (11) |
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338 | (1) |
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Linking Knowledge to Practice |
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339 | (1) |
PART FOUR Organizing the Language Arts Curriculum |
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340 | (103) |
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Using Literacy to Learn: Integrating the Curriculum |
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340 | (36) |
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Before Reading This Chapter, Think about . . . |
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341 | (1) |
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341 | (1) |
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Approaches to Curriculum Design |
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341 | (4) |
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341 | (1) |
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342 | (2) |
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344 | (1) |
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Erasing the Seams: Designing Integrated Curricula |
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345 | (15) |
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345 | (1) |
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Determining What the Children Already Know and What They Need and Want to Learn about the Topic |
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346 | (2) |
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Determining Ways to Answer Children's Questions: The Activities or Projects |
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348 | (4) |
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Sharing Learning with Others |
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352 | (1) |
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352 | (4) |
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356 | (1) |
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Integrating Literature into the Study |
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357 | (1) |
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357 | (1) |
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Assessment and Evaluation |
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358 | (1) |
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358 | (2) |
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Designing the Classroom's Physical Environment to Support the Integrated Curriculum |
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360 | (5) |
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Carve the Large Classroom Space into Small Areas |
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361 | (1) |
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Gather Appropriate Resources to Support the Children's Learning |
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361 | (2) |
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Place Similar or Related Centers Near Each Other |
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363 | (1) |
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Involve the Children in Designing the Classroom |
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363 | (1) |
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Make Literacy Materials a Part of the Fabric of Each Center |
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364 | (1) |
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Create an Aesthetically Pleasing, Inviting Environment |
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364 | (1) |
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Organizing the Classroom's Daily Schedule: Create a Rhythm to the Day |
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365 | (2) |
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What Happens during Whole-Group Time? |
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365 | (2) |
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What Happens during Small-Group Activity Time? |
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367 | (1) |
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An Integrated Unit Alive in a Classroom |
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367 | (6) |
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373 | (1) |
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Linking Knowledge to Practice |
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374 | (2) |
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Assessment: Determining What Children Know and Can Do |
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376 | (27) |
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Before Reading This Chapter, Think about . . . |
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376 | (1) |
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377 | (1) |
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What Is Important for Teachers to Know about Children's Literacy Development? |
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378 | (1) |
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378 | (19) |
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Information-Gathering Tools |
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380 | (1) |
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381 | (2) |
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Vignettes or Teacher Reflections |
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383 | (1) |
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383 | (1) |
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384 | (1) |
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384 | (1) |
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385 | (1) |
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386 | (1) |
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386 | (4) |
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Creating Portfolios: Working and Showcase |
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390 | (1) |
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Selecting Artifacts for Inclusion |
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391 | (2) |
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Sharing Portfolios with Others |
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393 | (4) |
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397 | (3) |
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398 | (1) |
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Reconsidering Teaching Practices |
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399 | (1) |
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400 | (1) |
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Linking Knowledge to Practice |
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401 | (2) |
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Parents as Partners in Language Education |
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403 | (40) |
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Before Reading This Chapter, Think about . . . |
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404 | (1) |
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404 | (1) |
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What Roles Do Families Play? |
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404 | (3) |
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405 | (1) |
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Reading and Writing Acquisition |
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405 | (1) |
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Dilemmas Facing Modern Families |
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406 | (1) |
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Helping Parents and Primary Caregivers Become Effective First Teachers |
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407 | (23) |
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407 | (1) |
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407 | (1) |
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408 | (3) |
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411 | (2) |
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Parent--Teacher Conferences |
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413 | (2) |
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Progress Review Conference |
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415 | (1) |
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Child--Parent--Teacher Conference |
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416 | (2) |
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418 | (2) |
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Specific Problem Conference |
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420 | (1) |
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Classroom Instructional Publications |
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421 | (1) |
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421 | (1) |
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422 | (1) |
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422 | (8) |
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Teachers and Schools as Professional Resources |
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430 | (6) |
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Sharing Instructional Materials and Offering Guidance |
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431 | (1) |
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Classroom Lending Library |
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431 | (1) |
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431 | (1) |
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432 | (1) |
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433 | (1) |
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Schools as Community Resources |
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433 | (1) |
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Teacher as Community Contact |
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433 | (1) |
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434 | (1) |
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Business Adoption Programs |
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435 | (1) |
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435 | (1) |
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435 | (1) |
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436 | (6) |
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Linking Knowledge to Practice |
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442 | (1) |
References |
|
443 | (28) |
Author Index |
|
471 | (4) |
Subject Index |
|
475 | |