This second edition of the Oxford Handbook of Key Clinical Evidence provides an alternative to the growing volumes of trial data for students, trainees and researchers looking for the key evidence affecting medical practice.

Written by a team of leading figures across the major specialities, the Oxford Handbook of Key Clinical Evidence carefully selects and brings together key information on some of the most important trials currently impacting clinical practice. With introductory chapters on the history and importance of evidence based medicine complemented by in-depth analysis of the impact of each trial and its practical implications, this text is a definitive quick-reference guide in this increasingly important field. Highlighted boxes identify the study type and evidence-level attained, while analysis of the key message and impacts of the trial firmly place the evidence into a practical setting for the reader.

This extensively revised Handbook presents the key data, facts, and evidence informing both medical and surgical specialties. This second edition includes a brand new chapter on paediatrics. It incorporates new landmark trials which are changing clinical practice, and re-reviews previously included trials to ensure consistency with current practice. It is essential reading for everyone with an interest in getting to grasps with the fundamental evidence underpinning modern practice.

Kunal Kulkarni, Specialist Registrar in Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, North-West Thames Rotation,James Harrison, Clinical Lecturer in Cardiology,, King's College, London,Mohamed Baguneid, Consultant Vascular Surgeon, University Hospitals South Manchester,Bernard Prendergast, Consultant Cardiologist, Oxford University Hospitals

Mr Kunal Kulkarni is a surgical trainee in Trauma and Orthopaedics in the Oxford region. He qualified from the University of Oxford with a first-class degree in Physiological Sciences and a special prize in the final BM BCh examination, before completing his MRCS with the Royal College of Surgeons of England. He has an interest in medical writing and education and has published two textbooks and numerous articles in peer-reviewed journals. He is a peer-reviewer for several journals, runs the popular 'revise4finals' website for medical students, and has taught as a Teaching Associate for Green-Templeton College, Oxford and a Surgical Tutor for the University of Oxford Clinical Medical School. He is currently undertaking an MSc in Healthcare Leadership with the NHS Leadership Academy.

Dr James Harrison is a Specialist Registrar in Cardiology in the London region. He graduated from Green College, Oxford, having completed his pre-clinical studies at Magdalene College, Cambridge. He completed his Foundation Years at Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester and Core Medical Training at St Mary's Hospital, London. He has recently completed a PhD at St Thomas' Hospital, London, combining interests in cardiac electrophysiology and cardiac magnetic resonance. He also has a particular interest in medical writing and has edited undergraduate publications and contributed articles to many peer-reviewed journals.


Professor Mo Baguneid is a consultant vascular and endovascular surgeon in Manchester. As a surgical trainee, he was one of the longest serving executives of Association of Surgeons in Training (ASiT) both as the
Yearbook Editor and Treasurer. He co-developed popular surgical examination courses, The Manchester MRCS Course (ASiT Affiliated) and the Alpine FRCS course (www.surgicalcourses.com http://www.surgicalcourses.com. He developed and leads a Masters programme in Surgical Practice and is developing further postgraduate
surgical programmes for vascular trainees. His other educational achievements included redesigning the North Western Deanery Core Surgical Teaching Programme. He has also taken clinical leadership roles both in
Manchester as the Medical Director of the South Sector Partnership and abroad where he completed a 18month sabbatical and helped res-shape surgical services in Abu Dhabi as the Chief of General and Vascular
Surgery.


Dr Bernard Prendergast qualified from The University of Nottingham Medical School in 1987 and trained in Cardiology in Cardiff, Paris and Edinburgh followed by Consultant appointments in Manchester, Oxford and London. He has specialist clinical and research interests in coronary heart disease, percutaneous cardiac intervention, valvular heart disease and infective endocarditis and is an experienced practitioner of evidence-based medicine.

Introduction1. The history of evidence-based medicine2. An introduction to evidence-based medicineMedical specialties3. Cardiology4. Dermatology5. Diabetes6. Emergency medicine7. Endocrinology8. Gastroenterology9. Genitourinary medicine10. Geriatric medicine11. Haematology12. HIV Medicine13. Infectious diseases and tropical medicine14. Neurology15. Psychiatry16. Renal medicine17. Respiratory medicine18. Rheumatology19. PaediatricsSurgical specialties20. Anaesthetics21. Breast Surgery22. Cardiac Surgery23. Gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary surgery24. Intensive care25. Neurosurgery26. Obstetrics and gynaecology27. Ophthalmology28. Otorhinolaryngology29. Plastic and reconstructive surgery30. Transplantation31. Trauma and orthopaedics32. Urology33. Vascular surgery