ACKNOWLEDGMENTS |
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xiii | |
PROLOGUE. WHY LATIN AMERICA? |
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1 | (12) |
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Interpretations of Latin America |
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5 | (5) |
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Analytical Themes in This Book |
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10 | (3) |
ONE. THE COLONIAL FOUNDATIONS, 1492-1880's |
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13 | (29) |
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14 | (1) |
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Spanish America: From Conquest to Colony, 1492-1600 |
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15 | (6) |
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Spanish America: The Transformation of Colonial Society, 1600-1750 |
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21 | (1) |
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Portuguese America: A Different World? |
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22 | (4) |
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The Roots of Independence |
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26 | (3) |
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29 | (3) |
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32 | (2) |
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The Brazilian Path to Independence |
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34 | (2) |
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The Aftermath of Independence, 1830-1850 |
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36 | (4) |
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The Pull of the International Economy, 1850-1880's |
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40 | (2) |
TWO. THE TRANSFORMATION OF MODERN LATIN AMERICA, 1880s-2000's |
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42 | (27) |
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Phase 1: Initiation of Export-Import Growth, 1880-1900 |
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43 | (4) |
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Phase 2: Expansion of Export-Import Growth, 1900-1930 |
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47 | (4) |
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Phase 3: Import-Substituting Industrialization, 1930-1960's |
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51 | (4) |
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Phase 4: Stagnation in Import-Substituting Growth, 1960's-1980's |
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55 | (3) |
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Phase 5: Crisis, Debt, and Democracy, 1980's-2000's |
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58 | (4) |
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62 | (5) |
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A Framework for Comparison |
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67 | (2) |
THREE. ARGENTINA: PROSPERITY, DEADLOCK, AND CHANGE |
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69 | (40) |
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The Struggle over Nationhood |
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69 | (2) |
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Overview: Economic Growth and Social Change |
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71 | (6) |
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Rhythms of Popular Culture |
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77 | (3) |
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The Political System: Consensus and Reform |
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80 | (2) |
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The Military Turns Back the Clock |
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82 | (4) |
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86 | (3) |
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89 | (2) |
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The Failure of Developmental Reformism |
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91 | (3) |
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The Bureaucratic Authoritarian Solution |
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94 | (2) |
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96 | (2) |
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98 | (3) |
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101 | (8) |
FOUR. CHILE: SOCIALISM, REPRESSION, AND DEMOCRACY |
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109 | (30) |
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Overview: Economic Growth and Social Change |
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110 | (4) |
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114 | (4) |
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From Instability to Popular Front |
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118 | (4) |
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The Era of Party Politics |
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122 | (5) |
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127 | (6) |
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133 | (3) |
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136 | (3) |
FIVE. BRAZIL: DEVELOPMENT FOR WHOM? |
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139 | (42) |
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139 | (4) |
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143 | (1) |
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144 | (3) |
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Overview: Economic Growth and Social Change |
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147 | (6) |
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The First Republic (1889-1930) |
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153 | (4) |
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GetĂșlio Vargas and the Estado Novo |
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157 | (6) |
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The Second Republic (1946-1964) |
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163 | (8) |
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171 | (3) |
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The Quest for Afro-Brazilian Identity |
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174 | (1) |
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From Liberalization to Redemocratization |
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175 | (4) |
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Brazil's First Working-Class President |
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179 | (2) |
SIX. PERU: SOLDIERS, OLIGARCHS, AND INDIANS |
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181 | (40) |
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183 | (2) |
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185 | (4) |
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Overview: Economic Growth and Social Change |
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189 | (7) |
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196 | (2) |
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198 | (2) |
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200 | (2) |
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Flirting with Alternatives |
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202 | (3) |
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Economic Liberalism and Political Vacillation |
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205 | (3) |
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208 | (5) |
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Struggles of Civilian Governments |
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213 | (4) |
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Fujimori's Illiberal Democracy |
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217 | (2) |
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219 | (2) |
SEVEN. COLOMBIA: DISCORD, CIVILITY, AND VIOLENCE |
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221 | (33) |
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Independence and Its Aftermath |
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223 | (2) |
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Bolivar's Gran Colombia: An Experiment Failed |
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225 | (1) |
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Forming Political Parties: Liberals and Conservatives |
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226 | (2) |
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Rafael Nunez and the Politics of Regeneration |
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228 | (1) |
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229 | (2) |
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Overview: Economic Growth and Social Change |
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231 | (5) |
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Conservatives, Liberals, and Convivencia |
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236 | (4) |
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Gaitan, Reaction, and La Violencia |
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240 | (3) |
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243 | (3) |
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Seeking Constitutional Order |
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246 | (8) |
EIGHT. MEXICO: THE TAMING OF A REVOLUTION |
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254 | (42) |
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Mexico After Independence |
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254 | (3) |
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The North American Invasion |
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257 | (1) |
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Reform, Monarchy, and the Restored Republic |
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258 | (2) |
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The Diaz Era: Progress at a Price |
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260 | (4) |
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264 | (5) |
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Institutionalizing the Revolution |
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269 | (5) |
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Stability, Growth-and Rigidity |
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274 | (13) |
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North American Free Trade |
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287 | (3) |
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Twilight of the Technocrats? |
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290 | (2) |
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292 | (4) |
NINE. CUBA: LATE COLONY, FIRST SOCIALIST STATE |
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296 | (32) |
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298 | (1) |
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Overview: Economic Growth and Social Change |
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298 | (4) |
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Politics: Corruption and Decay |
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302 | (2) |
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Americanization in Pre-revolutionary Cuba |
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304 | (1) |
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Fidel Castro and the Making of the Revolution |
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305 | (4) |
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309 | (6) |
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315 | (3) |
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318 | (4) |
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The Struggle for Survival |
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322 | (6) |
TEN. THE CARIBBEAN: COLONIES AND MINI-STATES |
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328 | (28) |
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The Colonial Period: Conquest and Competition |
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330 | (2) |
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Overview: Economic Growth and Social Change |
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332 | (3) |
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Haiti: Slave Republic, Voodoo Dictatorship |
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335 | (6) |
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The Dominican Republic: Unfinished Experiment |
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341 | (4) |
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Jamaica: Runaways and Revolutionary Socialism |
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345 | (2) |
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Puerto Rico: From Settler Colony to Capitalist Showcase |
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347 | (4) |
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Lesser Antilles: Struggle of the Micro-States |
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351 | (5) |
ELEVEN. CENTRAL AMERICA: COLONIALISM, DICTATORSHIP, AND REVOLUTION |
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356 | (40) |
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356 | (3) |
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Independence: The Struggle for Unification |
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359 | (1) |
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Rafael Carrera and Conservative Supremacy |
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360 | (2) |
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Liberal Theory and "Republican Dictatorships" |
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362 | (1) |
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Overview: Economic Growth and Social Change |
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363 | (4) |
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Panama: A Nation and a Zone |
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367 | (4) |
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Costa Rica: The Exceptional Democracy |
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371 | (2) |
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Nicaragua: From Dynasty to Revolution |
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373 | (7) |
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Honduras: The Military in Politics |
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380 | (2) |
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El Salvador: From Stability to Insurgence |
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382 | (7) |
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Guatemala: Reaction and Repression |
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389 | (7) |
TWELVE. LATIN AMERICA, THE UNITED STATES, AND THE WORLD |
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396 | (44) |
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From Independence to Pan Americanism |
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398 | (4) |
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The Rise of U.S. Influence |
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402 | (3) |
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The Consolidation of U.S. Influence |
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405 | (4) |
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Expressions of U.S. Power |
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409 | (5) |
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414 | (3) |
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417 | (4) |
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Democratic Reformers and the Alliance for Progress |
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421 | (3) |
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424 | (3) |
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427 | (1) |
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Regional Economic Integration |
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428 | (4) |
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432 | (2) |
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Hispanic Culture and Communities |
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434 | (4) |
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Prospects for the Twenty-First Century |
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438 | (2) |
EPILOGUE. WHAT FUTURE FOR LATIN AMERICA? |
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440 | (16) |
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Dimensions of Change: Demography and Economics |
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442 | (3) |
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Looking Ahead: Political Responses |
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445 | (3) |
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Closing the Socialist Route |
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448 | (1) |
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The Prospects for Development Under Capitalism |
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449 | (3) |
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What Will Happen to the Non-European Cultures in Latin America? |
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452 | (1) |
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Latin America's Contribution to the World |
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453 | (3) |
STATISTICAL APPENDIX |
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456 | (4) |
ANALYTICAL APPENDIX |
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460 | (11) |
HEADS OF STATE |
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471 | (9) |
SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING |
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480 | (15) |
INDEX |
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495 | |