Miss Layard Excavates : The Palaeolithic Site at Foxhall Road, Ipswich, 1903-1905,9780953541881

Miss Layard Excavates : The Palaeolithic Site at Foxhall Road, Ipswich, 1903-1905

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ISBN13: 9780953541881
ISBN10: 0953541886
Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 2005-09-30
Publisher(s): David Brown Book Co
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Summary

Between 1903 and 1905, Miss Nina Frances Layard conducted exemplary excavations of an outstanding Palacolithic site on plateau gravels above Ipswich. Here, Palacolithic humans gathered around the edges of an erstwhile lake and/or river, leaving behind stone tools and manufacturing waste. Many remarkable pictures emerge from this book: of the excavator, an Edwardian lady of great determination and skill: of the site itself, which might well have been on a par with Boxgrove had it been discovered today; of the piecing together of Miss Layard's lost archive by Steven Plunkett; of the meeting of two enthusiasts and their decision to write this book--and last but by no means least--of the remarkable archaeological evidence. The authors have assembled a jigsaw of magnificent proportions; their detective work has enabled them to return a neglected but truly significant site to its rightful place in the canon of British Palaeolithic archaeology.

Table of Contents

List of figures
viii
List of tables
xi
Acknowledgements xii
Foreword xiii
`Too early for its own archaeological good': Foxhall Road 1902--2002
1(4)
Introduction
1(2)
Aims and structure
3(1)
Some brief explanatory notes
4(1)
Nina Frances Layard (1853--1935): a short biography of an archaeologist
5(10)
An account of the Ipswich Palaeolithic discovery of 1902
15(12)
Introduction
15(1)
Discovery
15(1)
Announcement
16(4)
Problems and committees
20(2)
Into the field: excavations 1903--1904
22(1)
Time to reflect
22(1)
Excavations of 1904--1905
23(1)
New directions
24(3)
Palaeolithic archaeology in 1902: Foxhall Road in context
27(12)
Introduction
27(1)
Geology and archaeology -- amateurs and professionals
27(1)
Roles and models within the Foxhall Road committee
28(3)
Glacial chronology and the extent of human antiquity
31(2)
Hoxne, Suffolk
33(1)
Hitchin, Hertfordshire
33(1)
The eolith problem
34(1)
Archaeology in practice
35(2)
The chronology of stone implements
37(2)
Two winters' work at the Ipswich Palaeolithic site: the excavations of 1903--1904 and 1904--1905
39(16)
The first winter season, 1903--1904
39(2)
Collecting and recording practices
41(3)
The excavation
44(5)
The second winter season, 1904--1905
49(1)
Collecting and recording practices
49(1)
The excavation
50(5)
The geology of Foxhall Road and the surrounding area
55(22)
Introduction
55(1)
Regional geological background
55(1)
Solid geology
55(1)
Red and Norwich Crag formations
56(1)
Kesgrave formation
56(1)
Glacial deposits
57(1)
Topography and drainage
58(1)
Geology of the Foxhall Road site
58(1)
Summary of Miss Layard's sequence
58(6)
Miss Layard's interpretation (with contributions by Reid, Evans and Dawkins)
64(1)
Summary of Smith's sequence
65(2)
Smith's interpretation
67(1)
Boswell and Moir's sequence
67(1)
Boswell's interpretation
68(1)
Correlation
69(1)
Discussion and interpretation
69(1)
Geomorphology
69(1)
The geology at the site
70(3)
Summary interpretation and tentative dating
73(4)
The artefacts from Miss Layard's excavation
77(54)
Introduction
77(1)
Isolating the assemblages
77(3)
Considering site formation processes
80(1)
Geological context
81(2)
Artefact condition
83(3)
Refitting studies
86(1)
Artefact size distribution
86(1)
Artefact orientation
87(1)
Collector issues
88(2)
Summary
90(1)
Analysing the `floor' assemblages
91(1)
Artefact distribution
91(2)
Raw materials
93(1)
The cores and core tools
94(9)
The handaxes
103(18)
Inter- and intra-assemblage patterns
121(1)
The flakes
122(3)
The flake tools
125(3)
Summary
128(3)
Further excavations at the Ipswich Palaeolithic site: the investigations and collections of Reginald Smith and James Reid Moir
131(16)
The Smith excavation
131(1)
April 1914
132(2)
August 1914
134(1)
Artefacts from the Smith excavation
134(2)
The Moir excavation
136(2)
Artefacts from the Moir excavation
138(2)
Condition
140(3)
Cores
143(1)
Flakes
144(1)
Handaxes
144(1)
Flake tools
145(1)
Summary
146(1)
Summary and discussion: reconstructing the distant past from the recent past
147(16)
Summaries
147(4)
Further discussion and interpretation
151(10)
Closing remarks
161(2)
Appendix 1 163(7)
Appendix 2 170(5)
Appendix 3 175(2)
Appendix 4 177(6)
Notes 183(2)
Bibliography & Sources 185(8)
Index 193

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