Foreword |
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iii | |
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Preface |
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v | |
Contributors |
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xv | |
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Concept of Bipolar Disorder: A Historical Perspective |
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1 | (10) |
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1 | (1) |
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From Hippocrates to the Predecessors of Kraepelin |
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1 | (2) |
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The Era of Kraepelin and the First Half of the 20th Century |
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3 | (1) |
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Modern Classifications and Diagnostic Criteria |
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4 | (2) |
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6 | (1) |
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7 | (4) |
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Diagnosis of Bipolar Disorder |
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11 | (10) |
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11 | (1) |
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Fundamental and Relatively Specific Symptoms and Illness Course Features of Bipolar Disorders |
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11 | (1) |
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Features of Depression Indicative of Bipolar Disorder |
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12 | (1) |
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Manic Symptoms with High Specificity and Sensitivity |
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13 | (1) |
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Effective Assessment Strategies for Bipolar Disorder |
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13 | (1) |
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14 | (2) |
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16 | (1) |
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17 | (1) |
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Involving the Patient and Family in Diagnosis |
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17 | (1) |
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17 | (4) |
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Epidemiology of Bipolar Disorder |
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21 | (16) |
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21 | (2) |
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Prevalence and Incidence of Bipolar Disorders in the Community |
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23 | (4) |
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27 | (1) |
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28 | (1) |
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Psychosocial Stressors and Social Support |
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29 | (1) |
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Seasonal and Geographic Factors |
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30 | (1) |
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Comorbidity and Complications |
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30 | (1) |
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Public Significance of Bipolar Disorders |
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31 | (1) |
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31 | (6) |
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Re-examining the Bipolar-Schizophrenia Dichotomy |
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37 | (12) |
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Kraepelin's Dichotomy and the Problem of ``Atypical'' Psychoses |
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37 | (1) |
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Concept of Cycloid Psychoses as a Solution of the Problem of ``Atypical'' Psychoses |
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38 | (1) |
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Symptomatology of Cycloid Psychoses |
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38 | (2) |
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Research Findings Regarding Cycloid Psychoses |
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40 | (4) |
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Conclusion: Cycloid Psychoses as a Challenge for the Bipolar-Schizophrenia Dichotomy |
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44 | (1) |
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45 | (4) |
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The Bipolar Spectrum: History, Description, Boundaries, and Validity |
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49 | (20) |
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49 | (1) |
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The Concept of the Bipolar Spectrum |
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49 | (2) |
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51 | (1) |
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Temperament in Bipolarity |
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52 | (1) |
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Description of the Bipolar Spectrum |
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53 | (3) |
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Do Recurrent ``Unipolar'' Depressions Belong to the Bipolar Spectrum (Type V)? |
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56 | (1) |
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Other Putative Bipolar Spectrum Conditions |
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56 | (1) |
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Critique of the Bipolar Spectrum |
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57 | (1) |
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Rates in Community and Clinical Populations |
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58 | (2) |
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Familial-Genetic Considerations |
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60 | (1) |
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61 | (1) |
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62 | (1) |
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63 | (6) |
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Bipolar Disorder in Children and Adolescents: Diagnosis, Epidemiology, and Clinical Course |
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69 | (14) |
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69 | (1) |
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70 | (1) |
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70 | (3) |
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Differential Diagnosis and Comorbidity |
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73 | (4) |
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77 | (1) |
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78 | (1) |
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78 | (5) |
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Bipolar Disorders in Late Life |
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83 | (12) |
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83 | (1) |
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84 | (2) |
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86 | (1) |
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87 | (1) |
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88 | (1) |
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89 | (1) |
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89 | (1) |
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90 | (1) |
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91 | (4) |
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Clinical Course in Bipolar Disorder |
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95 | (12) |
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95 | (1) |
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Studying the Course of Bipolar Disorder |
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95 | (1) |
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96 | (1) |
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96 | (7) |
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Conclusions and Future Directions |
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103 | (2) |
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105 | (2) |
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Recent Advances in Our Understanding of the Neurobiology of Bipolar Disorder |
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107 | (50) |
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107 | (1) |
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Monoaminergic Neurotransmitter Systems and Neuroendocrine Abnormalities |
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107 | (14) |
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Circadian Rhythms in the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Bipolar Disorder |
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121 | (2) |
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Evidence of HPA Hyperactivation Modulating Neural Plasticity |
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123 | (2) |
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Signaling Networks as Key Modulators of Long-Term Neuroplastic Events |
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125 | (6) |
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Abnormalities in Calcium Regulation and Mitochondrial Function in Bipolar Disorder |
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131 | (3) |
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Impairments of Neuroplasticity and Cellular Resilience in Bipolar Disorder |
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134 | (4) |
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Human Evidence for the Neurotrophic Effects of Mood Stabilizers |
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138 | (2) |
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140 | (1) |
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141 | (16) |
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157 | (22) |
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157 | (1) |
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157 | (1) |
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158 | (1) |
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158 | (14) |
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Treating Subtypes of Mania |
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172 | (1) |
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173 | (1) |
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174 | (5) |
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179 | (12) |
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Introduction: Phenomenology, Diagnosis, and Clinical Course |
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179 | (1) |
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Bipolar Depression: Treatment Acute Pharmacotherapy |
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180 | (6) |
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186 | (1) |
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Electroconvulsive Therapy |
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186 | (1) |
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187 | (1) |
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Conclusions and Recommendations |
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187 | (1) |
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188 | (3) |
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The Treatment of Mixed States |
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191 | (10) |
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191 | (2) |
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Treatment of Mixed States: General Rules |
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193 | (1) |
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194 | (1) |
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194 | (1) |
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194 | (2) |
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Electroconvulsive Therapy |
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196 | (1) |
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196 | (1) |
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197 | (4) |
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201 | (12) |
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201 | (1) |
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Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics |
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202 | (1) |
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Family History, Genetics, and Rapid Cycling |
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203 | (1) |
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The Role of Antidepressants and of Other Treatments |
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203 | (1) |
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Thyroid Function and Rapid Cycling |
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204 | (1) |
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Rapid Cycling and the Female Reproductive Cycle |
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204 | (1) |
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Rapid Cycling and Biological Rhythms |
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205 | (1) |
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Pharmacological Treatment of Rapid Cycling |
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205 | (1) |
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206 | (1) |
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206 | (7) |
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Long-Term Mood Stabilization |
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213 | (14) |
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Recurrence in Bipolar Disorder |
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213 | (1) |
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What Is a Mood Stabilizer? |
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214 | (1) |
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Pharmacological Treatment |
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214 | (4) |
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Suicide Prevention in Bipolar Disorder |
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218 | (1) |
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Psychological Interventions |
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219 | (2) |
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When to Start Long-Term Treatment and for Whom |
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221 | (1) |
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221 | (1) |
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222 | (5) |
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227 | (18) |
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Maria-Paz Garcia-Portilla |
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The Schizoaffective Dilemma |
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227 | (5) |
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The Treatment of Schizoaffective Disorder |
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232 | (7) |
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239 | (1) |
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239 | (6) |
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Treatment of Bipolar Disorder in Children and Adolescents |
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245 | (10) |
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245 | (1) |
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245 | (5) |
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Electroconvulsive Therapy |
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250 | (1) |
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251 | (1) |
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251 | (1) |
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251 | (4) |
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Treatment of Bipolar Disorder in Late Life |
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255 | (12) |
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255 | (1) |
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256 | (3) |
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259 | (1) |
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260 | (1) |
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Electroconvulsive Therapy |
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260 | (1) |
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260 | (1) |
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261 | (1) |
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261 | (6) |
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Lithium in Bipolar Disorder |
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267 | (18) |
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267 | (1) |
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268 | (1) |
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Clinical Effects and Indications |
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269 | (4) |
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Adverse Effects of Lithium Treatment |
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273 | (3) |
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276 | (1) |
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Management of Lithium Treatment |
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277 | (2) |
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Putative Mechanisms of Action |
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279 | (1) |
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280 | (1) |
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280 | (5) |
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The Use of Anticonvulsants in the Treatment of Bipolar Disorder |
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285 | (30) |
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285 | (1) |
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286 | (1) |
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First-Generation Anticonvulsants |
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286 | (11) |
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Second-Generation Anticonvulsants |
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297 | (6) |
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303 | (1) |
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303 | (12) |
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Atypical Antipsychotics in Bipolar Disorder |
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315 | (16) |
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315 | (2) |
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317 | (7) |
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Treatment of Bipolar Depression |
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324 | (2) |
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326 | (5) |
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Is There a Role for Typical Neuroleptics in Bipolar Disorder? |
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331 | (8) |
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331 | (1) |
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Use of Typical Neuroleptics in Routine Clinical Settings |
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332 | (1) |
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Evidence from Controlled Studies for the Efficacy of Typical Neuroleptics in Acute Mania |
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332 | (2) |
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Maintenance Treatment with Typical Neuroleptics in Bipolar Disorder |
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334 | (1) |
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334 | (2) |
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336 | (1) |
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336 | (3) |
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Antidepressants in Bipolar Disorder |
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339 | (18) |
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339 | (1) |
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Current Guidelines on Antidepressant Use in Bipolar Disorder |
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339 | (1) |
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Efficacy in Bipolar Disorder vs. Unipolar Disorder |
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340 | (1) |
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Antidepressant Efficacy as Compared with Mood Stabilizer Efficacy |
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340 | (2) |
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342 | (3) |
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345 | (1) |
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346 | (4) |
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Length of Antidepressant Treatment |
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350 | (1) |
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351 | (1) |
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352 | (5) |
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Combination Therapy in Bipolar Disorder |
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357 | (12) |
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357 | (1) |
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Why Combine Treatment for Bipolar Disorder? |
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358 | (1) |
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Combination Treatments in Relation to Illness Subtype and Illness Phase |
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358 | (3) |
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Hazards of Combination Treatment |
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361 | (1) |
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362 | (2) |
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364 | (1) |
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364 | (5) |
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Expected Side-Effect Profile of Medications and Their Management |
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369 | (26) |
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369 | (1) |
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370 | (3) |
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Side Effects of Antiepileptic Drugs Used for Bipolar Disorder |
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373 | (2) |
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Side Effects of Antipsychotic Medications Used for Bipolar Disorder |
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375 | (4) |
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Side Effects of Antidepressants for Bipolar Disorder |
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379 | (2) |
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Side Effects Associated with Metabolic Adverse Events |
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381 | (5) |
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Recommendations and Conclusion |
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386 | (1) |
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387 | (8) |
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Electroconvulsive Therapy in Bipolar Disorders and Other Brain Stimulation Methods: Vagus Nerve Stimulation, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, Magnetic Seizure Therapy and Deep Brain Stimulation |
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395 | (24) |
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395 | (1) |
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Electroconvulsive Therapy |
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396 | (3) |
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ECT as in the Treatment of Bipolar Disorders |
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399 | (4) |
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New Brain Stimulation Methods for Bipolar Disorders Under Research |
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403 | (8) |
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Discussion and Conclusions |
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411 | (1) |
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412 | (7) |
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Role of Psychotherapy in the Management of Bipolar Disorder |
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419 | (16) |
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419 | (1) |
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419 | (4) |
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Review of Contemporary Treatment Strategies and Relevant Research |
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423 | (5) |
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428 | (2) |
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430 | (1) |
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430 | (5) |
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Toward an Integrated View: Algorithms in Bipolar Disorder |
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435 | (12) |
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435 | (1) |
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Strengths and Weaknesses of Guidelines for Bipolar Disorder |
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436 | (2) |
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The WFSBP Guidelines Series on the Treatment of Bipolar Disorder |
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438 | (3) |
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The British Association for Psychopharmacology Guideline |
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441 | (1) |
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442 | (1) |
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443 | (4) |
Index |
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447 | |