German Industry and Global Enterprise: BASF: The History of a Company,9780521827263

German Industry and Global Enterprise: BASF: The History of a Company

by
ISBN13: 9780521827263
ISBN10: 0521827264
Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 2003-11-10
Publisher(s): Cambridge University Press
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Summary

This corporate history of BASF offers a view of the functioning of an industrial organization that has managed to thrive and expand since 1865. Moreover, it reveals much about the reasons for the extraordinary economic dynamics of the German empire and the enormous expansion of the world economy before World War I. It permits the probing of the origins and spread of the knowledge society, in which science and research-based innovation have become the key determinants of economic growth and social development. Accordingly, BASF's history developed at the core of Germany's wartime economy during both world wars and highlights its strengths as well as its weaknesses.

Table of Contents

Introduction by the Editor 1(1)
From New Industry to the New Economy 1(4)
I Becoming a Global Corporation - BASF from 1865 to 1900 5(110)
Wolfgang von Hippel
1. The Prehistory
7(8)
Friedrich Engelhorn - Pioneering Enterpreneurship
7(2)
A Massive Market - The Beautiful World of the New Dyestuffs
9(3)
One of the First Coal-Tar Dye Factories in Germany
12(3)
2. The Early Years (1865-1873)
15(21)
Mannheim or Ludwigshafen? The Dramatic Establishment of the Corporation
15(4)
The Large-Scale Project to Begin Anew in Ludwigshafen
19(4)
From Imitation to Independent Research - Heinrich Caro
23(3)
The First Synthesis of a Natural Dyestuff: Alizarin
26(5)
On an Expansion Course: The Fusion with the Stuttgart Firms of Knosp and Siegle in 1873
31(5)
3. Between Science and the Marketplace - BASF in the "Dyestuffs Age," 1873-1900
36(79)
An Overview
36(2)
The Centers of Developments - Top Management and Organizational Problems
38(12)
The Heart of the Company - Research and Production
50(2)
Science as a Factor of Production - Laboratory Work
52(3)
The Stony Path to the Marketplace - Dyeing Works as Testing Stations
55(2)
"The Age of Dyestuffs" I: Aniline Dyes
57(2)
"The Age of Dyestuffs" II: Azo-dyes
59(4)
"The Age of Dyestuffs" III: Alizarin Dyes
63(2)
"The Age of Dyestuffs" IV: Indigo
65(5)
A Promising Future as a Supplier to the Industry: Inorganic Production
70(2)
Structural Development, Technical Service Facilities
72(4)
The Ecological Costs of Production - Environmental Problems?
76(3)
Intellectual Property as a Factor of Production: Patent Issues
79(3)
Integration into the Marketplace
82(11)
The Expression of Economic Success: Sales Turnover, Markets, and Profits and Their Use
93(9)
The Human Factor in Production: Firm Personnel - High-Ranking Salaried Employees ("Beamte") and Workers
102(10)
Economy and Politics
112(3)
II The Power of Synthesis (1900-1925)
Jeffrey Allan Johnson
1. A Company in Transition
115(12)
BASF at the Paris World Exposition of 1900
115(2)
Changes in Corporate Leadership Circa 1900
117(2)
The Victory of Synthetic Indigo
119(2)
New Products: Paths Taken and Not Taken
121(6)
2. From the Dreibund to von Brunk's Death (1904-1911)
127(24)
The Dreibund: Concentration, Conflict, and Organizational Change
127(9)
Innovation and Marketing in Dyestuffs
136(6)
Innovation and Academic-Industrial Collaboration: From Dye Chemistry to Nitrates
142(4)
Workers' and Employees' Movements
146(4)
The End of the von Brunck Era
150(1)
3. From Oppau to Leurra: Synthetic Ammonia and War (1912-1918)
151(26)
The Ammonia Synthesis, 1912-1914
151(6)
BASF on the Eve of the War, 1912-1914
157(3)
Mars Rising: Entering the War Economy
160(5)
The Leurra Project
165(6)
Wartime Reorganization: The Expanded IG
171(2)
From Labor Truce to Mass Protest: The Workforce at War
173(4)
4. From Crisis to Fusion (1919-1925)
177(29)
Defeat and Revolution: New Leadership Facing Postwar Challenges
177(6)
Stark Realities of the Peace Terms: Occupation, Technology Transfer, Reparations
183(6)
Postwar Marketing and Innovation
189(4)
Labor Conflicts and the Catastrophic Explosion in Oppau
193(8)
From Crisis to Fusion (1922-1925)
201(5)
III From the IG Farben Fusion to the Establishment of BASF AG (1925-1952) 206(156)
Raymond G. Stokes
1. Introduction
206(6)
BASF in the IG Period: Overview and Initial Hypotheses
207(5)
2. Fitting into the New Concern, 1925-1929
212(23)
Organizational Change and the IG
214(6)
The Upper Rhine Group in the Initial IG Period: Organization and Relationships with Other IG Plants
220(2)
Trends in Production
222(8)
Research and Development
230(3)
Work and the Workforce
233(2)
3. Coping with the Crisis, 1919-1933
235(15)
Reorganizing the Trust and the Group in the Wake of the Crisis
236(3)
Production Trends
239(4)
Downsizing
243(4)
Politicization of the German Chemical Industry and the Upper Rhine Group
247(3)
4. Accommodation and Conflict, 1933-1936
250(23)
The National Socialist Seizure of Power, the Trust, and the Group
251(13)
Recovery in Production and Trends in R&D
264(6)
Social and Labor Policy in the Factories
270(3)
5. Autarky and Preparation for War, 1936-1939
273(20)
The Four Year Plan Organization and Preparation for War
273(9)
Production, Sales, and Research Trends
282(7)
Work, the Workforce, and National Socialist Ideology and Practice
289(4)
6. The Upper Rhine Group in German-Dominated Europe, 1939-1942
293(20)
The National Socialist New Order and the Upper Rhine Group
294(12)
War Production and Investment
306(4)
Labor
310(3)
7. The BASF Group in Total War, 1942-1945
313(22)
Total War and the Upper Rhine Group Factories
314(1)
Production Trends
315(7)
Labor
322(6)
The Upper Rhine Group and IG Auschwitz
328(4)
Destruction and Postwar Planning
332(3)
8. From Occupation to Refounding, 1945-1952
335(27)
The Impact of the War on the BASF Factories
336(10)
Production and Investment under French Occupation
346(9)
The Workforce and the Re-emergence of Labor Unionism
355(2)
The Breakup of the IG Farben Trust and the Refounding of BASF
357(5)
IV BASF Since Its Refounding in 1952 362(259)
Werner Abelshauser
1. The Past Has a Future: Launching BASF Anew
362(14)
The Refounding
362(5)
Disincorporation
367(4)
Rebirth
371(5)
2. Corporate Culture: Tradition as a Resource?
376(59)
Rules and Context: The Social System of Production
376(2)
Strategy and Structure: Corporate Leadership
378(10)
Consistency and Flexibility: Financing
388(9)
Control and Trust: Shareholder Relations
397(12)
Partnership and Conflict: Industrial Relations
409(8)
Costs and Benefits: Plant Policy with a Social Bent
417(11)
Research, Technology, Application: Customized Quality Production
428(7)
3. Old Markets, New Basis: Early Breakthrough to Petrochemistry
435(19)
Old and New Markets
435(6)
The Founding of the Rhenish Olefin Works
441(9)
Breakthrough
450(4)
4. Tradition and Distance: The Second Breakup of IG Farben
454(19)
Distance
454(3)
Cooperation
457(3)
Reintegration
460(5)
The Second Breakup
465(8)
5. The Way to the Top: Strategic Decisions
473(14)
Orientation Problems
473(5)
Profit Can Be Planned, or the Will to Greatness
478(5)
Interlocking Production Operations on a Large Scale, or a New Technological Paradigm
483(4)
6. One, Two, Many "Ludwigshafens": The Integrated Production System and the Siting Issue
487(26)
The Ludwigshafen Site
487(4)
Looking for the Second "Ludwigshafen"
491(5)
Ludwigshafen Is Everywhere: Exporting a Model
496(4)
Challenge I: Nuclear Power Plant
500(7)
Challenge II: Environmental Protection
507(6)
7. Learning from the United States? From Joint Venture to Verbund
513(30)
Staying Power: Joint Venture with Dow
513(4)
Caught Together, Hanged Together: Entering the Fiber Business
517(10)
Battle of Cultures: The Tug-of-War over Dow Badische
527(11)
Exporting a Model: Consolidation through the Verbund
538(5)
8. Crisis and Consolidation
543(30)
BASF: Badische Annulment and Suspension Factory
543(8)
A Calamitous End: The Collapse of Phrix
551(9)
Upheaval and Persistence: Corporate Reorganization
560(13)
9. No Weary Shop of Raw Materials: Forward Integration and Acquisition
573(41)
Off to New Shores
573(4)
Tape Recorders I: The Struggle for the U.S. Market
577(6)
Tape Recorders II: The "National Champion" on the Defensive
583(7)
Lacquer: Defensive Forward Integration
590(9)
Pharmaceuticals: The Early Bird...
599(11)
Back to the Roots
610(4)
10. Upheaval and Persistence
614(7)
Toward the Transnational Company
614(5)
The Road to New Industry: Old Industry or "New Economy"?
619(2)
Appendix Trade Volume and Profits of BASF since its Founding in 1865 621(8)
Bibliography 629(14)
Index of Archives 643(2)
Index of Corporations 645(6)
Index of Persons 651(6)
Index of Products and Processes 657(8)
Subject Index 665

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