
Gas Turbine Combustion
by Arthur H. Lefebvre; Dilip R. Ballal-
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Summary
Table of Contents
Basic Considerations | |
Introduction | |
Early Combustor Developments | |
Basic Design Features | |
Combustor Requirements | |
Combustor Types | |
Diffuser | |
Primary Zone | |
Intermediate Zone | |
Dilution Zone | |
Fuel Preparation | |
Wall Cooling | |
Combustors for Low Emissions | |
Combustors for Small Engines | |
Industrial Chambers | |
Combustion Fundamentals | |
Introduction | |
Classification of Flames | |
Physics or Chemistry? | |
Flammability Limits | |
Global Reaction-Rate Theory | |
Laminar Premixed Flames | |
Laminar Diffusion Flames | |
Turbulent Premixed Flames | |
Flame Propagation in Heterogeneous Mixtures of Fuel Drops, Fuel Vapor, and Air | |
Droplet and Spray Evaporation | |
Ignition Theory | |
Spontaneous Ignition | |
Flashback | |
Stoichiometry | |
Adiabatic Flame Temperature | |
Diffusers | |
Introduction | |
Diffuser Geometry | |
Flow Regimes | |
Performance Criteria | |
Performance | |
Effect of Inlet Flow Conditions | |
Design Considerations | |
Numerical Simulations | |
Aerodynamics | |
Introduction | |
Reference Quantities | |
Pressure-Loss Parameters | |
Relationship between Size and Pressure Loss | |
Flow in the Annulus | |
Flow through Liner Holes | |
Jet Trajectories | |
Jet Mixing | |
Temperature Traverse Quality | |
Dilution Zone Design | |
Correlation of Pattern Factor Data | |
Rig Testing for Pattern Factor | |
Swirler Aerodynamics | |
Axial Swirlers | |
Radial Swirlers | |
Flat Vanes versus Curved Vanes | |
Combustion Performance | |
Introduction | |
Combustion Efficiency | |
Reaction-Controlled Systems | |
Mixing-Controlled Systems | |
Evaporation-Controlled Systems | |
Reaction- and Evaporation-Controlled Systems | |
Flame Stabilization | |
Bluff-Body Flameholders | |
Mechanisms of Flame Stabilization | |
Flame Stabilization in Combustion Chambers | |
Ignition | |
Assessment of Ignition Performance | |
Spark Ignition | |
Other Forms of Ignition | |
Factors Influencing Ignition Performance | |
The Ignition Process | |
Methods of Improving Ignition Performance | |
Fuel Injection | |
Basic Processes in Atomization | |
Classical Mechanism of Jet and Sheet Breakup | |
Prompt Atomization | |
Classical or Prompt? | |
Drop-Size Distributions | |
Atomizer Requirements | |
Pressure Atomizers | |
Rotary Atomizers | |
Air-Assist Atomizers | |
Airblast Atomizers | |
Effervescent Atomizers | |
Vaporizers | |
Fuel Nozzle Coking | |
Gas Injection | |
Equations for Mean Drop Size | |
SMD Equations for Pressure Atomizers | |
SMD Equations for Twin-Fluid Atomizers | |
SMD Equations for Prompt Atomization | |
Internal Flow Characteristics | |
Flow Number | |
Discharge Coefficient | |
Spray Cone Angle | |
Radial Fuel Distribution | |
Circumferential Fuel Distribution | |
Combustion Noise | |
Introduction | |
Direct Combustion Noise | |
Combustion Instabilities | |
Control of Combustion Instabilities | |
Modeling of Combustion Instabilities | |
Heat Transfer | |
Introduction | |
Heat-Transfer Processes | |
Internal Radiation | |
External Radiation | |
Internal Convection | |
External Convection | |
Calculation of Uncooled Liner Temperature | |
Film Cooling | |
Correlation of Film-Cooling Data | |
Practical Applications of Transpiration Cooling | |
Advanced Wall-Cooling Methods | |
Augmented Cold-Side Convection | |
Thermal Barrier Coatings | |
Materials | |
Liner Failure Modes | |
Emissions | |
Introduction | |
Concerns | |
Regulations | |
Mechanisms of Pollutant Formation | |
Pollutants Reduction in Conventional Combustors | |
Pollutants Reduction by Control of Flame Temperature | |
Dry Low-Oxides of Nitrogen Combustors | |
Lean Premix Prevaporize Combustion | |
Rich-Burn, Quick-Quench, Lean-Burn Combustor | |
Catalytic Combustion | |
Correlation and Modeling of Oxides of Nitrogen and Carbon Monoxide Emissions | |
Concluding Remarks | |
Alternative Fuels | |
Introduction | |
Types of Hydrocarbons | |
Production of Liquid Fuels | |
Fuel Properties | |
Combustion Properties of Fuels | |
Classification of Liquid Fuels | |
Classification of Gaseous Fuels | |
Alternative Fuels | |
Synthetic Fuels | |
Index | |
Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved. |
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