Based on the most recent scientific data, and without neglecting historical publications, Fishes in Lagoons and Estuaries in the Mediterranean 3 comprehensively details Mediterranean lagoonal–marine migratory fish. It provides information regarding their systematics, ecobiology, ethology, genetics and their exploitation.

This volume, third in a set of books on Mediterranean ichthyofauna, offers a synthesis of the knowledge acquired from 1890 to the present day for each of the 21 species most frequently found in Mediterranean lagoons and estuaries. These species are detailed across two volumes, 3A and 3B. The scientific data presented in this book concern their lagoon life as much as their marine life, and are therefore of particular interest for both the management of fish stocks and for the conservation of species.

Designed to give rapid and comprehensive access to the body of knowledge on Mediterranean lagoonal and estuarine migratory fishes, this volume is for anyone involved in the use, management or protection of natural environments and their populations, including ecobiologists, geographers, engineers, teachers, students and researchers.

Mohamed Hichem Kara (Sc.D.) is Professor at the University of Annaba, Algeria, where he manages the marine bioresource laboratory, founded in 2003. He is a founding member of the Algerian Academy of Science and Technology, and a member of the French Ichthyological Society.

Jean-Pierre Quignard (Sc.D.) is Honorary Professor at the University of Montpellier, France, where he manages the Mediterranean ichthyological laboratory. He is a member of the Montpellier Académie des sciences et lettres and of the French Ichthyological Society.

Foreword vii

Preface ix

Introduction xi

Chapter 1. Mullidae Günther, 1859 1

1.1. Mullus Linnæus, 1758 3

1.1.1. Mullus barbatus barbatus Linnæus, 1758 5

1.1.2. Mullus surmuletus Linnæus, 1758 23

1.2. Bibliography 41

Chapter 2. Pleuronectidae Norman, 1934 59

2.1. Platichthys Girard, 1854–1855 [1856] 59

2.1.1. Platichthys flesus (Linnæus, 1758) 60

2.2. Bibliography 70

Chapter 3. Soleidae Norman, 1934 75

3.1. Solea Quensel, 1806 77

3.1.1. Solea aegyptiaca Chabanaud, 1927 79

3.1.2. Solea senegalensis Kaup, 1858 85

3.1.3. Solea solea (Linnæus, 1758) 91

3.2. Bibliography 110

Chapter 4. Sparidae Jordan and Evermann, 1898 129

4.1. Diplodus Rafinesque, 1810 130

4.1.1. Diplodus annularis (Linnæus, 1758) 135

4.1.2. Diplodus puntazzo (Cetti, 1777) 148

4.1.3. Diplodus sargus sargus (Linnæus, 1758) 161

4.1.4. Diplodus vulgaris (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817) 180

4.2. Lithognathus Swainson, 1839 194

4.2.1. Lithognathus mormyrus (Linnæus, 1758) 194

4.3. Sarpa Bonaparte, 1831 206

4.3.1. Sarpa salpa (Linnæus, 1758) 206

4.4. Sparus Linnæus, 1758 217

4.4.1. Sparus aurata Linnæus, 1758 218

4.5. Bibliography 240

Glossary 273

Index 281