The Calculus of Consent

by
Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 1999-08-01
Publisher(s): Liberty Fund
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Summary

THE CALCULUS OF CONSENT was co-authored by Buchanan with Gordon Tullock, with whom Buchanan collaborated on many books and academic enterprises throughout their careers. As Robert D Tollison states in the foreword: (this book) is a radical departure from the way democracies conduct their business. The 'Calculus' is already a book for the ages. This classic work analyses the political organisation of a free society through the lens of the economic organisation of society. The authors acknowledge their unease as economists in analysing the political organisation, but they take the risk of forging into unfamiliar territory because they believe the benefits of their perspective will bear much fruit. As the authors state, their objective in this book is "to analyze the calculus of the rational individual when he is faced with questions of constitutional choice... We examine the (choice) process extensively only with reference to the problem of decision-making rules." The authors describe their approach as 'economic individualism'. They believe that economists have explored individual choice extensively in the market sector while social scientists have largely ignored the dynamics of individual decision-making in the dynamics of forming group action in the public sector. Written in the early 1960s, THE CALCULUS OF CONSENT has become a bulwark of the public choice movement for which James M Buchanan is so justly famous.

Table of Contents

Foreword ix
Preface xv
I. The Conceptual Framework
Introduction
3(8)
The Individualistic Postulate
11(5)
Politics and the Economic Nexus
16(15)
Individual Rationality in Social Choice
31(12)
II. The Realm of Social Choice
The Organization of Human Activity
43(20)
A Generalized Economic Theory of Constitutions
63(22)
The Rule of Unanimity
85(12)
The Costs of Decision-Making
97(22)
III. Analyses of Decision-Making Rules
The Structure of the Models
119(13)
Simple Majority Voting
132(17)
Simple Majority Voting and the Theory of Games
149(23)
Majority Rule, Game Theory, and Pareto Optimality
172(18)
Pareto Optimality, External Costs, and Income Redistribution
190(10)
The Range and Extent of Collective Action
200(10)
Qualified Majority Voting Rules, Representation, and the Interdependence of Constitutional Variables
210(21)
The Bicameral Legislature
231(16)
The Orthodox Model of Majority Rule
247(18)
IV. The Economics and the Ethics of Democracy
Democratic Ethics and Economic Efficiency
265(17)
Pressure Groups, Special Interests, and the Constitution
282(13)
The Politics of the Good Society
295(10)
Appendix 1. Marginal Notes on Reading Political Philosophy 305(21)
James M. Buchanan
Appendix 2. Theoretical Forerunners 326(25)
Gordon Tullock
Name Index 351(2)
Subject Index 353

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