Both reliable and innovative, The Bedford Guide for College Writers involves students in active learning, whether their writing class meets on campus or online. The guide contains a process-oriented rhetoric, a thematic reader, a research manual, and a handbook, giving students everything they need for success in writing, all in one affordable book. Each part provides frequent opportunities for students to experiment and apply the skills presented. Learning by Doing activities, Responding to an Image practices, and engaging assignments all help students make important writing skills their own. The Bedford Guide helps students to be the confident, resourceful, and independent writers they will need to be. The new edition extends active learning into the online environment, offering integrated e-Pages, including videos, audio segments, and photo essays that take advantage of what the Web can do.
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X. J. Kennedy is an acclaimed poet, children’s author, college teacher, and textbook author. He has taught freshman composition at the University of Michigan; the University of North Carolina, Greensboro; and Tufts University. Since 1966, more than 2 million students have treasured his introductory literature texts and The Bedford Reader, coedited with Dorothy M. Kennedy and Jane E. Aaron, now in its ninth edition.
Dorothy M. Kennedy is a writer and editor whose articles and reviews have ppeared in both professional and academic journals. She has taught composition at the University of Michigan and Ohio University and, with X. J. Kennedy, is the recipient of the NCTE Teacher's Choice Award for Knock at a Star: A Child's Introduction to Poetry.
teaches, writes, and edits. She has taught first-year writing at The Ohio State University and other introductory courses at St. Peter's College (Englewood Cliffs). Her many writing workshops have been sponsored by Fordham University, the University of Colorado Colorado Springs, and currently the School of Education and Human Development at the University of Colorado Denver. She is the author or coauthor of many composition textbooks and ancillaries, including
The Bedford Guide for College Writers, The Concise Bedford Guide for Writers, Writing and Revising: A Portable Guide, Researching and Writing: A Portable Guide, and
The St. Martin's Pocket Guide to Research and Documentation (all from Bedford/St. Martin's). Her projects as a writer and an editor have included
Harold D. Lasswell: An Annotated Bibliography as well as many grant proposals, textbooks, ancillaries, reports, and other publications. She continues to learn how to write clearly and effectively from her students, editors, reviewers, and writing colleagues.
X. J. Kennedy/Dorothy M. Kennedy/Marcia F. Muth
The Bedford Guide for College Writers Tenth Edition
A Writer’s GuidePART ONE: A College Writer’s Processes [* indicates a reading new to this edition] Introduction: Writing in College
1. Writing Processes Writing, Reading, and Critical Thinking A Process of Writing Getting StartedGenerating Ideas
e-Pages Learning by Doing: Analyzing Audience Learning by Doing: Reflecting on IdeasPlanning, Drafting, and Developing
Learning by Doing: Reflecting on DraftsRevising and Editing
Learning by Doing: Reflecting on Finishing Purpose and Audience Writing for a Reason
Learning by Doing: Considering PurposeWriting for Your Audience
Learning by Doing: Considering AudienceTargeting a College Audience
Learning by Doing: Considering a College AudienceAdditional Writing Activities
2. Reading ProcessesA Process of Critical Reading
Learning by Doing: Describing Your Reading StrategiesGetting Started Preparing to Read
Learning by Doing: Preparing to ReadResponding to Reading
*Learning by Doing: Annotating a PassageLearning by Doing: Responding in a Reading JournalLearning from Another Writer: Reading Summary and ResponseOlof Eriksson: Student Summary and ResponseThe Problems with Masculinity Reading on Literal and Analytical Levels
Learning by Doing: Reading Analyticallye-Pages Learning By Doing: Reading OnlineGenerating Ideas from ReadingLearning from Another Writer: Critical Reading and ResponseAlley Julseth: The New Literacy*
Learning by Doing: Reading Critically: Michael Shermer, "The Science of Righteousness"Reading Online and Multimodal Texts
Learning by Doing: Reading a Web SiteAdditional Writing Activities
3. Critical Thinking ProcessesA Process of Critical Thinking Getting Started
Learning by Doing: Thinking Critically to Solve a Campus ProblemLearning by Doing: Thinking Critically to Explore an IssueApplying Critical Thinking to Academic Problems
Learning by Doing: Thinking Critically to Respond to an Academic ProblemSupporting Critical Thinking with Evidence Types of Evidence
Learning by Doing: Looking for EvidenceTesting Evidence Using Evidence to Appeal to Your AudienceLogical Appeal (Logos)Emotional Appeal (Pathos)Ethical Appeal (Ethos)
Learning by Doing: Identifying Types of AppealsLearning from Another Writer: Rhetorical AnalysisStudent Rhetorical AnalysisRichard Anson: Young Americans and Media NewsPresenting Your Critical Thinking
Learning by Doing: Testing Logical Patternse-Pages Learning by Doing: Analyzing LogicAvoiding Faulty Thinking
Learning by Doing: Analyzing Reasoning*David Rothkopf: A Proposal to Draft America's ElderlyAdditional Writing Activities
PART TWO: A Writer’s Situations 4. Recalling an Experience Learning from Other Writers
Russell Baker
The Art of Eating Spaghetti Robert G. Schreiner: Student Essay
What Is a Hunter?*e-Pages Howie Chackowicz
The Game Ain’t Over ‘til the Fatso Man Sings [Audio]Learning by Writing The Assignment: Recalling a Personal Experiencee-Pages Learning by Doing: Recalling from PhotographsGenerating IdeasLearning by Doing: Creating Your Writing SpacePlanning, Drafting, and DevelopingLearning by Doing: Stating the Importance of Your ExperienceLearning by Doing: Selecting and Arranging EventsRevising and EditingLearning by Doing: Appealing to the SensesAdditional Writing Assignments 5. Observing a SceneLearning from Other Writers Eric Liu
The Chinatown Idea *Alea Eyre: Student Essay
Stockholm *e-Pages Multiple Photographers, Observing the Titanic: Past and Present [Visual Essay]Learning by Writing The Assignment: Observing a Scenee-Pages Learning by Doing: Scenes from the NewsGenerating IdeasLearning by Doing: Enriching Sensory DetailPlanning, Drafting, and DevelopingLearning by Doing: Experimenting with OrganizationRevising and EditingLearning by Doing: Strengthening Your Main ImpressionAdditional Writing Assignments 6. Interviewing a Subject Learning from Other Writers Farhad Manjoo
You Will Want Google GogglesLorena A. Ryan-Hines: Student Essay
Looking Backwards, Moving Forward e-Pages Learning from Other Writers: Tiana Chavez, ASU Athletes Discuss Superstitions [Video]Learning by Writing The Assignment: Interviewinge-Pages Learning by Doing: Analyzing Surprising InterviewsGenerating IdeasLearning by Doing: Analyzing Interview QuestionsLearning by Doing: Transcribing Your Interview NotesPlanning, Drafting, and DevelopingLearning by Doing: Stating a Dominant ImpressionRevising and EditingLearning by Doing: Screening Your Details Additional Writing Assignments 7. Comparing and Contrasting Learning from Other Writers David Brooks
The Opportunity Gap Jacob Griffin: Student Essay
Karate Kid vs. Kung Fu Panda: A Race to the Olympicse-Pages Learning from Other Writers: National Geographic, Hurricane Katrina Pictures: Then & Now, Ruin and Rebirth [Visual Essay]Learning by Writing The Assignment: Comparing and Contrastinge-Pages Learning by Doing: Comparing and Contrasting Experience of a Major EventGenerating IdeasLearning by Doing: Making a Comparison-and-Contrast TablePlanning, Drafting, and DevelopingLearning by Doing: Pinpointing Your PurposeLearning by Doing: Building Cohesion with TransitionsRevising and EditingAdditional Writing Assignments 8. Explaining Causes and Effects Learning from Other Writers Jeffrey Pfeffer
Lay Off the Layoffs Yun Yung Choi: Student Essay
Invisible Women e-Pages Learning from Other Writers: The Real Effects of Drinking and Driving [Infographic]Learning by Writing The Assignment: Explaining Causes and Effectse-Pages Learning by Doing: Analyzing Causes and EffectsGenerating IdeasLearning by Doing: Visualizing the SituationLearning by Doing: Making a Cause-and-Effect TablePlanning, Drafting, and DevelopingLearning by Doing: Focusing Your IntroductionRevising and EditingAdditional Writing Assignments 9. Taking a Stand Learning from Other Writers Suzan Shown Harjo
Last Rites for Indian Dead Marjorie Lee Garretson: Student Essay
More Pro Than Cons in a Meat-Free Lifee-Pages Learning from Other Writers: UNICEF, Dirty Water [Video]Learning by Writing The Assignment: Taking a Stande-Pages Learning by Doing: Writing Your RepresentativeGenerating IdeasLearning by Doing: Asking Your QuestionLearning by Doing: Supporting a ClaimPlanning, Drafting, and DevelopingLearning by Doing: Refining Your PlansLearning by Doing: Making Columns of AppealsRevising and EditingTake Action Strengthening Support for a StandRecognizing Logical FallaciesAdditional Writing Assignments 10. Proposing a Solution Learning from Other Writers Wilbert Rideau
Why Prisons Don’t Work Lacey Taylor: Student Essay
It's Not Just a Bikee-Pages Learning from Other Writers: Corey Neistat, Texting While Walking [Video]Learning by Writing The Assignment: Proposing a Solutione-Pages Learning by Doing: Proposing a Solution to a Local ProblemGenerating IdeasLearning by Doing: Describing Your Audience Planning, Drafting, and DevelopingLearning by Doing: Making Problem-Solution ColumnsRevising and EditingLearning by Doing: Revising for Clear OrganizationAdditional Writing Assignments 11. Evaluating and ReviewingLearning from Other Writers Scott Tobias
The Hunger GamesElizabeth Erion: Student Essay
Internship Program Falls Short e-Pages Learning from Other Writers: Consumer Reports, Best Buttermilk Pancakes [Video]Learning by Writing The Assignment: Writing an Evaluatione-Pages Learning by Doing: Evaluating FilmGenerating IdeasLearning by Doing: Developing CriteriaPlanning, Drafting, and DevelopingLearning by Doing: Stating Your Overall JudgmentLearning by Doing: Supporting Your JudgmentsRevising and EditingAdditional Writing Assignments 12. Supporting a Position with Sources Learning from Other Writers Jake Halpern
The Popular Crowd Abigail Marchand: Student Essay
The Family Dynamic e-Pages Learning from Other Writers: Research Cluster [Text, Audio, Video]Cary Tennis, Why am I Obsessed with Celebrity Gossip? [Advice Column]Karen Sternheimer, Celebrity Relationships: Why Do We Care? [Video]Tom Ashbrook and Ty Burr, from The Strange Power of Celebrity [Audio Interview]Timothy J. Bertoni and Patrick D. Nolan, from Dead Men Do Tell Tales [Academic Paper]Learning by Writing The Assignment: Supporting a Position with Sourcese-Pages Learning by Doing: Finding Credible SourcesGenerating IdeasLearning by Doing: Selecting Reliable Sources Planning, Drafting, and DevelopingLearning by Doing: Connecting Evidence and ThesisThe Academic ExchangeRevising and EditingLearning by Doing: Launching Your SourcesLearning by Doing: Checking Your Presentation of SourcesTake Action Integrating Source Information EffectivelyAdditional Writing Assignments Part Three: Other Writing Situations 13. Responding to LiteratureUsing Strategies for Literary Analysis Learning from Other WritersShirley JacksonThe Lottery Preparing to Write a Literary Analysis Jonathan Burns: Student Literary AnalysisThe Hidden Truth: An Analysis of Shirley Jackson’s "The Lottery" A Glossary of Terms for Literary Analysis [two-page spread]Learning by Writing: Literary AnalysisThe Assignment: Analyzing a Literary Worke-Pages Learning by Doing: Recommending Fiction to a FriendGenerating IdeasLearning by Doing: Developing Your Literary AnalysisPlanning, Drafting, and DevelopingLearning by Doing: Developing Your ThesisTake Action Strengthening Literary Analysis Revising and EditingLearning from Another Writer: SynopsisJonathan Burns: Student SynopsisA Synopsis of "The Lottery" Learning by Writing: SynopsisThe Assignment: Writing a Synopsis of a Story by Kate ChopinKate ChopinThe Story of an Hour Learning from Another Writer: ParaphraseJonathan Burns: Student ParaphraseA Paraphrase from "The Lottery" Learning by Doing: Collaborating on a ParaphraseLearning by Writing: ParaphraseThe Assignment: Writing a Paraphrase of a PoemAdditional Writing Assignments 14. Responding to Visual Representations Using Strategies for Visual Analysis e-Pages Learning by Doing: Analyzing Your College or University’s Web SiteLevel One: Seeing the Big Picture Source, Purpose, and AudienceProminent ElementFocal PointLearning by Doing: Seeing the Big PictureLevel Two: Observing the Characteristics of an Image Cast of CharactersStory of the ImageDesign and ArrangementArtistic ChoicesLearning by Doing: Observing CharacteristicsLevel Three: Interpreting an the Meaning of an ImageGeneral Feeling or MoodSociological, Political, Economic, or Cultural AttitudesLanguageSigns and SymbolsThemesLearning by Doing: Interpreting MeaningLearning from Another Writer: Visual AnalysisRachel Steinhaus: Student Analysis of an Advertisement"Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit" Learning by WritingThe Assignment: Analyzing a Visual RepresentationGenerating IdeasPlanning, Drafting, and DevelopingRevising and Editing Learning from Another Writer: Visual Essaye-Pages Shannon Kintner: Student Visual EssayCharlie Living with Autism Additional Writing Assignments 15. Writing OnlineGetting StartedLearning by Doing: Identifying Online Writing Expectationse-Pages Learning by Doing: Tracking Your Time OnlineClass Courtesy Online EthicsLearning by Doing: Making Personal RulesCommon Online Writing SituationsMessages to Your InstructorLearning by Doing: Finding a College Voice Learning from Other Writers: Messages to Your Instructore-Pages Learning from Other Writers: The Portland State University Writing Center, Sample Email to an InstructorLearning by Doing: Contacting Your InstructorOnline ProfileLearning by Doing: Posting a Personal ProfileLearning by Doing: Introducing a ClassmateOnline Threaded Discussions or Responses Learning from Other Writers: Threaded DiscussionLearning by Doing: Joining a Threaded DiscussionFile ManagementLearning by Doing: Preparing a TemplateLearning by Doing: Organizing Your Files Additional Writing Assignments 16. Writing and Presenting Under Pressuree-Pages Learning by Doing: Using Visuals Essay Examinations Preparing for the ExamLearning from Another Writer: Essay ExamDavid Ian Cohn: Student Essay AnswerResponse to Psychology QuestionGenerating IdeasPlanning for Typical Exam QuestionsLearning by Doing: Asking QuestionsDrafting: The Only VersionRevising: Rereading and ProofingShort-Answer Examinations Timed Writings Learning by Doing: Thinking FastOnline AssessmentPortfolio Assessment Understanding Portfolio AssessmentTips for Keeping a Portfolio Oral PresentationsLearning by Doing: Pairing Up to PracticeLearning from Other Writers: Visuals for Oral PresentationsAndrew Dillon Bustin: Face-to-Face Class Presentation Traditional Urban Design e-Pages Frank Deford, Mind Games: Football and Head Injuries [Audio]Additional Writing Assignments 17. Writing in the WorkplaceGuidelines for Writing in the Workplace Know Your PurposeKeep Your Audience in MindUse an Appropriate TonePresent Information CarefullyE-Mail Format for E-mailRésumés and Application LettersRésumésApplication Letters Learning by Doing: Planning a Job ApplicationBusiness Letters Format for Business Letterse-Pages Learning by Doing: Considering Job AdvertisementsMemorandaFormat for MemorandaBrochures and Presentation VisualsFormat for BrochuresFormat for Presentation VisualsAdditional Writing Assignments PART FOUR: A Writer’s Strategies 18. Strategies: A Case StudyGenerating IdeasPlanning, Drafting, and DevelopingRough Draft with Peer and Instructor ResponsesLearning by Doing: Responding as a PeerRevising and EditingRevised and Edited DraftFinal Draft for SubmissionErin Schmitt: Student EssayMr. HertliReflecting as a WriterLearning by Doing: Writing a Reflective LetterReflective Portfolio Letter 19. Strategies for Generating Ideas Finding IdeasBuilding from Your AssignmentLearning by Doing: Building from Your AssignmentBrainstormingLearning by Doing: Brainstorminge-Pages Learning by Doing: Brainstorming from a VideoFreewritingLearning by Doing: FreewritingDoodling or SketchingLearning by Doing: Doodling or SketchingMappingLearning by Doing: MappingImagining Learning by Doing: ImaginingAsking a Reporter’s QuestionsLearning by Doing: Asking a Reporter’s QuestionsSeeking Motives Learning by Doing: Seeking MotivesKeeping a JournalLearning by Doing: Keeping a JournalGetting Ready Setting Up CircumstancesPreparing Your MindLearning by Doing: Reflecting on Generating Ideas 20. Strategies for Stating a Thesis and PlanningShaping Your Topic for Your Purpose and Your Audiencee-Pages Learning by Doing: Analyzing a ThesisLearning by Doing: Considering Purpose and AudienceStating and Using a Thesis Learning by Doing: Identifying ThesesHow to Discover a Working ThesisLearning by Doing: Discovering a ThesisHow to State a ThesisLearning by Doing: Examining Thesis StatementsHow to Improve a ThesisTake Action Building a Stronger Thesis How to Use a Thesis to Organize Learning by Doing: Using a Thesis to Preview Organizing Your Ideas Grouping Your IdeasLearning by Doing: ClusteringOutliningLearning by Doing: Moving from Outline to ThesisLearning by Doing: Responding to an OutlineLearning by Doing: OutliningLearning by Doing: Reflecting on Planning 21. Strategies for Drafting Making a Start Enjoyable Restarting Paragraphing e-Pages Learning by Doing: Identifying Topic Sentences and Transitions Using Topic SentencesLearning by Doing: Shaping Topic SentencesWriting an Opening Writing a ConclusionLearning by Doing: Opening and ConcludingAdding Cues and Connections Learning by Doing: Identifying TransitionsLearning by Doing: Reflecting on Drafting 22. Strategies for Developing e-pages Learning by Doing: Editing SentencesGiving Examples Learning by Doing: Giving ExamplesProviding Details Learning by Doing: Providing DetailsDefining Learning by Doing: Developing an Extended DefinitionReasoning Inductively and DeductivelyLearning by Doing: Reasoning Inductively and DeductivelyAnalyzing a SubjectLearning by Doing: Analyzing a SubjectAnalyzing a Process Learning by Doing: Analyzing a ProcessDividing and Classifying Learning by Doing: Dividing and ClassifyingComparing and Contrasting Learning by Doing: Comparing and ContrastingIdentifying Causes and Effects Learning by Doing: Identifying Causes and EffectsLearning by Doing: Reflecting on Developing 23. Strategies for Revising and Editing Re-viewing and Revising Revising for Purpose and ThesisRevising for AudienceRevising for Structure and SupportLearning by Doing: Tackling Macro Revision Working with a Peer Editor Meeting with Your InstructorDecoding Your Instructor’s CommentsRevising for Emphasis, Conciseness, and ClarityStressing What Counts Cutting and Whittling Keeping It ClearLearning by Doing: Tackling Micro Revision Editing and Proofreading EditingProofreadingLearning by Doing: Editing and ProofreadingLearning by Doing: Reflecting on Revising and Editing 24. Strategies for Future Writing Transferring Knowledgee-Pages Learning by Doing: Researching Genre Learning by Doing: Reflecting on How to Transfer KnowledgeWhat Do They Want? Analyzing ExpectationsConnecting Expectations and AssessmentsLearning by Doing: Decoding an AssignmentWhat Is It?Uncovering AssumptionsAnalyzing Genre ModelsLearning by Doing: Analyzing a Genre ModelHow Do I Write It?Learning by Doing: Reflecting on New AssignmentsLearning from Another Writer: A Multi-Genre History AssignmentProfessor Laird: Term Paper AssignmentSelections from Student Term Paper: Benjamin Reitz, Historical SituationLearning from Another Writer: A Philosophy of Teaching PortfolioSelections from a Student Portfolio: Maria Thompson, Philosophy as AutobiographyLearning by Doing: Reflecting on Resources for the Future A Writer’s Reader [* indicates reading new to this edition]Introduction: Reading to Write 25. Families * Terrell Jermaine Starr, How My Illiterate Grandmother Raised an Educated Black Man* Sandra Cisneros, Only Daughter*Anna Quindlen, Evan's Two Moms* Dagoberto Gilb, Mi MommyPaired EssaysAmy Tan, Mother TongueRichard Rodriguez, Public and Private Language*e-Pages StrategyOne editors, Once a Mother, Always a Mother [Infographic]*e-Pages Good/Column Five editors, Paternity Leave around the World [Infographic] 26. Men and WomenBrent Staples, Black Men and Public SpaceAnjula Razdan, What's Love Got to Do With It?*William Deresziewicz, A Man. A Woman. Just Friends?Judy Brady, I Want a WifePaired EssaysRobert Jensen, The High Cost of Manliness*Julie Zeilinger, Guys Suffer from Oppressive Gender Roles Too*e-Pages Deborah Tannen, Who Does the Talking Here? [Text]*e-Pages Jed Conklin, Boxing Beauties [Visual Essay] 27. Popular Culture*Mike Haynie, As Attitudes Shift on P.T.S.D., Media Slow to Remove StigmaKate Dailey and Abby Ellin, America's War on the Overweight*Katha Pollitt, Hunger Games Feral Feminism*James McBride, Full CirclePaired EssaysStephen King, Why We Crave Horror Movies*Gerard Jones, Violent Media Is Good For Kids*e-Pages Chuck Klosterman, My Zombie, Myself: Why Modern Life Feels Rather Undead [Text]*e-Pages Brad Shoup, "Harlem Shake" vs. History: Is the YouTube Novelty Hits Era That Novel? [Text] 28. Digital LivingEmily Yoffe, Seeking*Nicholas A. Christakis and James H. Fowler, HyperconnectedDavid Gelernter , Computers Cannot Teach Children Basic Skills Clive Thompson , The New LiteracyPaired Essays*Elizabeth Stone, Grief in the Age of Facebook*Libby Copeland, Is Facebook Making Us Sad?e-Pages Sherry Turkle, How Computers Change the Way We Think [Text]*e-Pages Off Book editors, Generative Art: Computers, Data, and Humanity [Video] 29. Explorations on Living Well*Jhumpa Lahiri, RiceWilliam Zinsser, The Right to Fail*Gareth Cook, Getting It All Done*Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, Happiness RevisitedPaired EssaysJuliet Schor, The Creation of DiscontentLlewellyn H. Rockwell Jr., In Defense of Consumerisme-Pages Sarah Adams, Be Cool to the Pizza Dude [Audio and Text]*e-Pages Brent Foster, Highway Angel [Video] Book 3: A Writer’s Research Manual Introduction: The Nature of Research 30. Planning Your Research Project Beginning Your InquiryThe Assignment: Writing from SourcesLearning by Doing: Reflecting on ResearchAsking a Research Question Exploring Your Territory Turning a Topic into a QuestionLearning by Doing: Polling Your PeersSurveying Your ResourcesUsing Keywords and Linkse-Pages Learning by Doing: Narrowing Online ResearchLearning by Doing: Proposing Your ProjectManaging Your Project Recording InformationStarting a Research Archive Learning by Doing: Interviewing a Researcher
Creating a ScheduleLearning by Doing: Planning Your Personal SchedulePlanning Collaborative Research 31. Working with SourcesDrawing the Details from Your SourcesStarting a Working BibliographyLearning by Doing: Teaming Up for Source "Warm-Ups"e-Pages Learning by Doing: Practicing with Online SourcesSource Navigator: Article in a Print MagazineSource Navigator: Article in a Scholarly Journal from a DatabaseSource Navigator: BookSource Navigator: Page from a Web Site Capturing Information in Your Notes Quoting ParaphrasingSummarizing Mixing MethodsLearning by Doing: Capturing Information from SourcesDeveloping an Annotated BibliographyLearning by Doing: Writing an Annotation 32. Finding Sources Searching the InternetFinding Recommended Internet ResourcesSelecting Search EnginesLearning by Doing: Comparing Web Searches e-Pages Learning by Doing: Comparing Google and Database Searches Conducting Advanced Electronic Searches Finding Specialized Online Materials Searching the Library Learning by Doing: Reflecting on Your Library Orientation SessionLearning by Doing: Brainstorming for Search TermsSearching Library DatabasesLearning by Doing: Comparing DatabasesLearning by Doing: Comparing Google and Database SearchesUsing Specialized Library Resources Finding Sources in the FieldInterviewing
Observing
Using Questionnaires
Corresponding
Attending Public and Online Events
Reconsidering Your Field Sources
33. Evaluating Sources Evaluating Library and Internet Sources Learning by Doing: Evaluating Your Sourcese-Pages Learning by Doing: Evaluating Online SourcesWho Is the Author? Who Else Is Involved? What Is the Purpose? When Was the Source Published?Where Did You Find the Source?Why Would You Use This Source?How Would This Source Contribute to Your Paper?Learning by Doing: Adding Useful SourcesReconsidering Purpose and Thesis
34: Integrating Sources
Using Sources Ethically
Capturing, Launching, and Citing EvidenceQuoting and Paraphrasing Accuratelye-Pages Learning by Doing: Quoting and Paraphrasing AccuratelySummarizing Concisely Avoiding Plagiarism Launching Source MaterialLearning by Doing: Connecting Your SourcesCiting Each Source ClearlyTake Action Integrating and Synthesizing SourcesLearning by Doing: Launching and Citing Your SourcesSynthesizing Ideas and SourcesLearning by Doing: Synthesizing Your Sources 35. Writing Your Research Paper Planning and Drafting Using Your Sources to Support Your IdeasLaunching and Citing Your Sources as You DraftBeginning and EndingLearning by Doing: Focusing Your Pointe-Pages Learning by Doing: Practicing BeginningsRevising and Editing Learning by Doing: Meeting Expectations Documenting Sources Learning by Doing: Presenting Your FindingsAdditional Writing Assignments 36. MLA Style for Documenting Sources Citing and Listing Sources in MLA StyleTake Action Citing and Listing Sources in MLA StyleWho Wrote It?What Type of Source Is It?How Are You Capturing the Source Material?Listing Sources in MLA StyleWho Wrote It?What Type of Source Is It? A Sample MLA Research Paper Candace Rardon, Meet Me in the Middle: The Student, the State, and the School 37. APA Style for Documenting Sources Citing Sources in APA StyleWho Wrote It? Take Action Citing and Listing Sources in APA StyleWhat Type of Source Is It?How Are You Capturing the Source Material?Listing Sources in APA StyleWho Wrote It? What Type of Source Is It?A Sample APA Research PaperJenny Lidington, Sex Offender Lists: A Never Ending Punishment Book 4: A Writer’s HandbookIntroduction: Grammar, or The Way Words WorkLearning by Doing: Asking What You Need to Know 38. Grammatical Sentences1. Sentence Fragments2. Comma Splices and Fused Sentences 3. Verbs 4. Subject-Verb Agreement5. Pronoun Case6. Pronoun Reference 7. Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement 8. Adjectives and Adverbs9. Shifts 39. Effective SentencesLearning by Doing: Focusing on Sentences10. Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers11. Incomplete Sentences 12. Mixed Constructions and Faulty Predication 13. Parallel Structure 14. Coordination and Subordination15. Sentence Variety 40. Word Choice16. Appropriateness17. Exact Words 18. Bias-Free Language19. Wordiness 41. PunctuationLearning by Doing: Tackling Punctuation Patterns20. End Punctuation21. Commas22. Semicolons23. Colons24. Apostrophes25. Quotation Marks26. Dashes27. Parentheses, Brackets, and Ellipses 42. MechanicsLearning by Doing: Justifying Conventions28. Abbreviations29. Capital Letters30. Numbers31. Italics32. The Hyphen33. Spelling34. A Glossary of TroublemakersAnswers for Lettered Exercises Appendices and Other ResourcesQuick Format GuideA. Following the Format for an Academic Paper B. Integrating and Crediting Visuals C. Preparing a Document TemplateD. Solving Common Format ProblemsE. Designing Other Documents for Your Audience Quick Research Guide A. Defining Your Quest B. Searching for Recommended Sources C. Evaluating Possible SourcesD. Capturing, Launching, and Citing Evidence from Sources E. Citing and Listing Sources in MLA or APA Style Quick Editing Guide A. Editing for Common Grammar ProblemsB. Editing to Ensure Effective Sentences C. Editing for Common Punctuation ProblemsD. Editing for Common Mechanics ProblemsIndexProofreading SymbolsCorrection SymbolsA Guide to the Handbook
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