American Psychiatric Association Practice Guidelines for the Treatment of Psychiatric Disorders: Compendium 2004

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Edition: 1st
Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 2004-04-30
Publisher(s): Amer Psychiatric Pub Inc
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Summary

Developed by the APA to assist in clinical decision making, the Practice Guidelines series has become an invaluable resource to help benchmark care strategies for 11 common mental disorders. The APA makes Practice Guidelines available to help improve patient care and give members access to the latest information and research. Intended as a professional resource and not a "standard of care", the Practice Guidelines provide convenient summaries of what we know about key mental disorders and the effectiveness of specific treatments. The eleven Practice Guidelines are: Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias of Late Life Bipolar Disorder, Second Edition Borderline Personality Disorder Delirium Eating Disorders, Second Edition HIV/AIDS Major Depressive Disorder, Second Edition Panic Disorder Psychiatric Evaluation Of Adults Schizophrenia, Second Edition Suicidal Behaviors These guidelines help you: Understand clinical features and symptoms Make a con

Table of Contents

Statement of Intent vii
Introduction ix
Practice Guideline for the Psychiatric Evaluation of Adults
1(28)
Summary
5(1)
Introduction
6(1)
Purpose of Evaluation
7(2)
General Psychiaric Evaluation
7(1)
Emergency Evaluation
7(1)
Clinical Consultation
8(1)
Other Consultations
9(1)
Site of the Clinical Evaluation
9(2)
Inpatient Settings
9(1)
Outpatient Settings
10(1)
General Medical Settings
10(1)
Other Settings
10(1)
Domains of the Clinical Evaluation
11(5)
Reason for the Evaluation
11(1)
History of the Present Illness
11(1)
Past Psychiatric History
11(1)
General Medical History
11(1)
History of Substance Use
12(1)
Psychosocial/Developmental History (Personal History)
12(1)
Social History
12(1)
Occupational History
13(1)
Family History
13(1)
Review of Systems
13(1)
Physical Examination
13(1)
Mental Status Examination
14(1)
Functional Assessment
15(1)
Diagnostic Tests
15(1)
Information Derived From the Interview Process
15(1)
Evaluation Process
16(5)
Methods of Obtaining Information
16(3)
The Process of Assessment
19(2)
Special Considerations
21(2)
Interactions With Third-Party Payers and Their Agents
21(1)
Privacy and Confidentiality
22(1)
Legal and Administrative Issues in Institutions
22(1)
Evaluation of Elderly Persons
22(1)
Development Process
23(1)
Individuals and Organizations That Submitted Comments
24(2)
References
26(3)
Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Patients With Delirium
29(38)
Introduction
33(1)
Development Process
34(1)
Summary of Recommendations
35(2)
Coding System
35(1)
General Considerations
35(2)
Disease Definition, Epidemiology, and Natural History
37(6)
Definition and Clinical Features
37(1)
Associated Features
38(1)
Differential Diagnosis
38(1)
Prevalence and Course
39(1)
Causes
40(1)
Use of Formal Measures
41(2)
Treatment Principles and Alternatives
43(12)
Psychiatric Management
43(4)
Environmental and Supportive Interventions
47(2)
Somatic Interventions
49(6)
Formulation and Implementation of a Treatment Plan
55(2)
Psychiatric Management
55(1)
Choice of Specific Environmental and Supportive Interventions
55(1)
Choice of Somatic Intervention
56(1)
Issues of Competency and Consent
57(1)
Clinical Features Influencing Treatment
57(2)
Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders
57(1)
Comorbid General Medical Conditions
58(1)
Advanced Age
58(1)
Reviewers and Reviewing Organizations
59(1)
References
60(7)
Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Patients With Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias of Late Life
67(70)
Introduction
71(1)
Development Process
72(1)
Summary of Recommendations
73(5)
Coding System
73(1)
General Treatment Principles and Alternatives
73(5)
Disease Definition, Natural History, and Epidemiology
78(5)
Definition of Dementia
78(1)
Associated Features
79(1)
Differential Diagnosis
79(1)
Prevalence and Course
80(1)
Staging of Dementia
80(1)
Specific Dementias
81(2)
Treatment Principles and Alternatives
83(30)
Determining the Site of Treatment and Frequency of Visits
83(1)
Psychiatric Management; Psychotherapy and Other Psychosocial Treatments
84(8)
Specific Psychotherapies/Psychosocial Treatments
92(3)
Somatic Treatments
95(18)
Development of a Treatment Plan
113(3)
Mildly Impaired Patients
114(1)
Moderately Impaired Patients
115(1)
Severely and Profoundly Impaired Patients
115(1)
Factors Modifying Treatment Decisions
116(6)
Comorbid Conditions
116(1)
Site-Specific Issues
117(3)
Demographic and Social Factors
120(2)
Research Directions
122(1)
Individuals and Organizations That Submitted Comments
123(1)
References
124(13)
Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Patients With HIV/AIDS
137(6)
Introduction
141(1)
Development Process
142(1)
Part A: Background Information and Treatment Recommendations for Patients With HIV/AIDS
143(41)
Summary of Treatment Recommendations
143(3)
Coding System
143(1)
General Considerations
143(3)
Disease Definition, Epidemiology, and Natural History
146(16)
Basic Facts About HIV Infection, AIDS, and Treatments
146(9)
Associated Features of Neuropsychiatric and Psychosocial Importance
155(7)
Prevalence of Comorbid Psychiatric Conditions
162(1)
Formulation and Implementation of a Treatment Plan
162(14)
Individuals at High Risk for HIV Infection
162(5)
HIV-Infected Individuals
167(9)
Clinical and Environmental Features Influencing Treatment
176(8)
Sociodemographic Variables
176(4)
Clinical Features
180(2)
Special Treatment Situations
182(2)
Part B: Review and Synthesis of Available Evidence
184(35)
Data Regarding Prevention for Individuals at High Risk for HIV Infection
184(6)
HIV-Related Risk Assessment of Behavior
184(1)
HIV Antibody Testing
184(1)
Interventions to Reduce HIV Risk Behavior
185(2)
Reducing Maternal-Fetal Transmission
187(1)
Postexposure Prophylaxis
188(1)
Special Psychiatric Populations
188(2)
Data Regarding Psychiatric Treatments for Individuals With HIV Infection
190(29)
Access to Services
190(2)
Pharmacologic Treatment
192(10)
Psychosocial Treatment
202(1)
Legal and Ethical Issues
203(2)
Adherence to Treatment
205(1)
Specific Syndromes
206(13)
Part C: Future Research Needs
219(36)
Individuals and Organizations That Submitted Comments
223(1)
References
224(25)
Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Patients With Schizophrenia, Second Edition
249(6)
Guide to Using This Practice Guideline
253(1)
Development Process
254(1)
Part A: Treatment Recommendations for Patients With Schizophrenia
255(58)
Executive Summary
255(8)
Coding System
255(1)
Formulation and Implementations of a Treatment Plan
255(1)
Establishing a Therapeutic Alliance
256(1)
Acute Phase Treatment
256(2)
Stabilization Phase
258(1)
Stable Phase
259(2)
Other Specific Treatment Issues
261(2)
Treatment Settings and Housing Options
263(1)
Formulation and Implementation of a Treatment Plan
263(42)
Psychiatric Management
264(5)
Acute Phase
269(12)
Stabilization Phase
281(1)
Stable Phase
282(7)
Special Issues in Caring for Patients With Treatment-Resistant Illness
289(1)
Clinical Features Influencing the Treatment Plan
290(15)
Treatment Settings and Housing Options
305(8)
Choice of Treatment Setting or Housing
305(1)
Common Treatment Settings
305(8)
Part B: Background Information and Review of Available Evidence
313(60)
Disease Definition, Natural History and Course, and Epidemiology
313(5)
Clinical Features
313(3)
Natural History and Course
316(1)
Epidemiology
317(1)
Review and Synthesis of Available Evidence
318(55)
Pharmacological Treatments
318(40)
Other Somatic Therapies
358(3)
Specific Psychosocial Interventions
361(12)
Part C: Future Research Directions
373(76)
Individuals and Organizations That Submitted Comments
375(1)
References
376(65)
Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Patients With Major Depressive Disorder, Second Edition
441(8)
Guide to Using This Practice Guideline
445(1)
Development Process
446(1)
Introduction
447(2)
Part A: Treatment Recommendations for Patients With Major Depressive Disorder
449(31)
Summary of Treatment Recommendations
449(8)
Psychiatric Management
449(1)
Acute Phase
450(5)
Continuation Phase
455(1)
Maintenance Phase
455(1)
Discontinuation of Active Treatment
456(1)
Formulation and Implementation of a Treatment Plan
457(11)
Psychiatric Management
457(3)
Acute Phase
460(6)
Continuation Phase
466(1)
Maintenance Phase
467(1)
Discontinuation of Active Treatment
467(1)
Specific Clinical Features Influencing the Treatment Plan
468(12)
Psychiatric Features
468(4)
Demographic and Psychosocial Variables
472(6)
Treatment Implications of Concurrent General Medical Disorders
478(2)
Part B: Background Information and Review of Available Evidence
480(26)
Disease Definition, Epidemiology, Natural History, and Course
480(4)
Specific Features of Diagnosis
480(2)
Epidemiology
482(1)
Natural History and Course
483(1)
Review and Synthesis of Available Evidence
484(22)
Acute Phase Somatic Treatments
484(14)
Acute Phase Psychosocial Interventions
498(6)
Psychotherapy Combined With Pharmacotherapy
504(1)
Continuation Treatment
504(1)
Maintenance Treatment
505(1)
Part C: Future Research Needs
506(27)
Antidepressant Medications
506(1)
Psychotherapy
506(1)
Electroconvulsive Therapy
507(1)
Other Treatment Modalities
507(1)
Individuals and Organizations That Submitted Comments
508(1)
References
508(17)
Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Patients With Bipolar Disorder, Second Edition
525(8)
Guide to Using This Practice Guideline
529(1)
Introduction
530(1)
Development Process
531(2)
Part A: Treatment Recommendations for Patients With Bipolar Disorder
533(20)
Executive Summary of Recommendations
533(3)
Psychiatric Management
533(1)
Acute Treatment
533(2)
Maintenance Treatment
535(1)
Formulation and Implementation of a Treatment Plan
536(9)
Psychiatric Management
537(4)
Acute Treatment
541(3)
Maintenance Treatment
544(1)
Special Clinical Features Influencing the Treatment Plan
545(8)
Psychiatric Features
545(2)
Demographic and Psychosocial Factors
547(5)
Concurrent General Medical Conditions
552(1)
Part B: Background Information and Review of Available Evidence
553(34)
Disease Definition, Natural History and Course, and Epidemiology
553(5)
Definition of Bipolar Disorder
553(1)
Natural History and Course
553(3)
Epidemiology
556(2)
Review and Synthesis of Available Evidence
558(29)
Somatic Treatments of Acute Manic and Mixed Episodes
558(13)
Somatic Treatments of Acute Depressive Episodes
571(5)
Rapid Cycling
576(1)
Maintenance Treatment
577(4)
Psychosocial Interventions
581(4)
Somatic Therapies for Children and Adolescents
585(2)
Part C: Future Research Needs
587(166)
General Principles
587(1)
Acute Treatment
588(1)
Manic and Mixed Episodes
588(1)
Depressive Episodes
588(1)
Rapid Cycling
588(1)
Maintenance Treatment
589(1)
Psychosocial Interventions
589(24)
Individuals and Organizations That Submitted Comments
590(1)
References
591(22)
Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Patients With Panic Disorder
613(62)
Introduction
617(1)
Development Process
618(1)
Summary of Recommendations
619(3)
Coding System
619(1)
General Considerations
619(3)
Disease Definition, Natural History, and Epidemiology
622(2)
Diagnosis of Panic Disorder
622(1)
Specific Features of Panic Disorder
622(1)
Natural History and Course
623(1)
Epidemiology and Associated Features
623(1)
Treatment Principles and Alternatives
624(24)
Psychiatric Management
624(4)
Interpreting Results From Studies of Treatments for Panic Disorder
628(1)
Specific Psychosocial Interventions
629(6)
Pharmacologic Interventions
635(13)
Development of a Treatment Plan for the Individual Patient
648(5)
Choosing a Site of Treatment
648(1)
Formulation of a Treatment Plan
648(5)
Clinical Features Influencing Treatment
653(6)
Psychiatric Factors
653(3)
Concurrent General Medical Conditions
656(1)
Demographic Variables
657(2)
Research Directions
659(2)
Individuals and Organizations That Submitted Comments
661(1)
References
662(13)
Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Patients With Eating Disorders, Second Edition
675(70)
Executive Summary
679(3)
Coding System
679(1)
General Considerations
679(3)
Developing a Treatment Plan for the Individual Patient
682(12)
Choosing a Site of Treatment
682(4)
Psychiatric Management
686(5)
Choice of Specific Treatments for Anorexia Nervosa
691(2)
Choice of Specific Treatments for Bulimia Nervosa
693(1)
Disease Definition, Epidemiology, and Natural History
694(9)
Clinical Features
694(4)
Natural History and Course
698(3)
Epidemiology
701(2)
Treatment Principles and Alternatives
703(16)
Treatment of Anorexia Nervosa
703(10)
Treatment of Bulimia Nervosa
713(6)
Clinical and Environmental Features Influencing Treatment
719(8)
Other Important Clinical Features of Eating Disorders
719(3)
Other Psychiatric Factors
722(1)
Concurrent General Medical Conditions
723(1)
Demographic Variables
724(3)
Research Directions
727(1)
Individuals and Organizations That Submitted Comments
728(1)
References
729(16)
Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Patients With Borderline Personality Disorder
745(8)
Guide to Using This Practice Guideline
749(1)
Introduction
750(1)
Development Process
751(2)
Part A: Treatment Recommendations for Patients With Borderline Personality Disorder
753(35)
Executive Summary of Recommendations
753(4)
Coding System
753(1)
General Considerations
753(1)
Summary of Recommendations
753(4)
Formulation and Implementation of a Treatment Plan
757(21)
The Initial Assessment
757(2)
Principles of Psychiatric Management
759(5)
Principles of Treatment Selection
764(1)
Specific Treatment Strategies for the Clinical Features of Borderline Personality Disorder
765(13)
Special Features Influencing Treatment
778(7)
Comorbidity
778(1)
Problematic Substance Use
778(1)
Violent Behavior and Antisocial Traits
779(1)
Chronic Self-Destructive Behavior
780(1)
Childhood Trauma and PTSD
780(2)
Dissociative Features
782(1)
Psychosocial Stressors
783(1)
Gender
784(1)
Cultural Factors
784(1)
Age
785(1)
Risk Management Issues
785(3)
General Considerations
785(1)
Suicide
786(1)
Anger, Impulsivity, and Violence
787(1)
Boundary Violations
787(1)
Part B: Background Information and Review of Available Evidence
788(31)
Disease Definition, Epidemiology, and Natural History
788(4)
Definition and Core Clinical Features
788(2)
Assessment
790(1)
Differential Diagnosis
791(1)
Epidemiology
791(1)
Natural History and Course
792(1)
Review and Synthesis of Available Evidence
792(27)
Issues in Interpreting the Literature
792(1)
Review of Psychotherapy and Other Psychosocial Treatments
793(12)
Review of Pharmacotherapy and Other Somatic Treatments
805(14)
Part C: Future Research Needs
819(22)
Psychotherapy
819(1)
Pharmacotherapy and Other Somatic Treatments
820(15)
Appendixes: Psychopharmacological Treatment Algorithms
821(3)
Individuals and Organizations That Submitted Comments
824(1)
References
825(10)
Practice Guideline for the Assessment and Treatment of Patients With Suicidal Behaviors
835(6)
Guide to Using This Practice Guideline
839(1)
Development Process
840(1)
Part A: Assessment, Treatment, and Risk Management Recommendations
841(67)
Executive Summary of Recommendations
841(7)
Definitions and General Principles
841(1)
Suicide Assessment
842(2)
Estimation of Suicide Risk
844(1)
Psychiatric Management
845(1)
Specific Treatment Modalities
846(2)
Assessment of Patients With Suicidal Behaviors
848(36)
Overview
848(2)
Conduct a Thorough Psychiatric Evaluation
850(2)
Specifically Inquire About Suicidal Thoughts, Plans, and Behaviors
852(3)
Establish a Multiaxial Diagnosis
855(1)
Estimate Suicide Risk
856(25)
Additional Considerations When Evaluating Patients in Specific Treatment Settings
881(3)
Psychiatric Management
884(13)
Establish and Maintain a Therapeutic Alliance
885(1)
Attend to the Patient's Safety
886(1)
Determine a Treatment Setting
886(4)
Develop a Plan of Treatment
890(1)
Coordinate Care and Collaborate With Other Clinicians
891(1)
Promote Adherence to the Treatment Plan
892(1)
Provide Education to the Patient and Family
893(1)
Reassess Safety and Suicide Risk
894(2)
Monitor Psychiatric Status and Response to Treatment
896(1)
Obtain Consultation, if Indicated
897(1)
Specific Treatment Modalities
897(5)
Somatic Therapies
897(4)
Psychotherapies
901(1)
Documentation and Risk Management
902(6)
General Risk Management and Documentation Issues Specific to Suicide
902(2)
Suicide Contracts: Usefulness and Limitations
904(1)
Communication With Significant Others
905(1)
Management of Suicide in One's Practice
905(1)
Mental Health Interventions for Surviving Family and Friends After a Suicide
906(2)
Part B: Background Information and Review of Available Evidence
908(79)
Review and Synthesis of Available Evidence
908(79)
Factors Altering Risk of Suicide and Attempted Suicide
908(60)
Psychiatric Assessment Techniques
968(3)
Special Issues
971(3)
Somatic Therapies
974(10)
Psychotherapies
984(3)
Part C: Future Research Needs
987(42)
Individuals and Organizations That Submitted Comments
990(1)
References
991(38)
Appendix: Practice Guideline Development Process 1029(8)
Index 1037

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